eBird is a collective enterprise that takes a novel approach to citizen science by developing cooperative partnerships among experts in a wide range of fields: population ecologists, conservation biologists, quantitative ecologists, statisticians, computer scientists, GIS and informatics specialists, application developers, and data administrators. Managed by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology eBird’s goal is to increase data quantity through participant recruitment and engagement globally, but also to quantify and control for data quality issues such as observer variability, imperfect detection of species, and both spatial and temporal bias in data collection. eBird data are openly available and used by a broad spectrum of students, teachers, scientists, NGOs, government agencies, land managers, and policy makers. The result is that eBird has become a major source of biodiversity data, increasing our knowledge of the dynamics of species distributions, and having a direct impact on the conservation of birds and their habitats.
","type":"OCCURRENCE","hostingOrganizationKey":"e2e717bf-551a-4917-bdc9-4fa0f342c530","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology","hostingCountry":"US","publishingCountry":"US","publishingOrganizationKey":"e2e717bf-551a-4917-bdc9-4fa0f342c530","publishingOrganizationTitle":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology","endorsingNodeKey":"8618c64a-93e0-4300-b546-7249e5148ed2","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","decades":[1800,1810,1820,1830,1840,1850,1860,1870,1880,1890,1900,1910,1920,1930,1940,1950,1960,1970,1980,1990,2000,2010,2020],"keywords":["Occurrence","Observation"],"recordCount":1775781186,"category":["CitizenScience"]},{"key":"7ddf754f-d193-4cc9-b351-99906754a03b","title":"Catalogue of Life","doi":"10.48580/dgwnl","description":"The Catalogue of Life is building a comprehensive catalogue of all known species on Earth. \nIt offers two types of releases that reflect different levels of quality. \nThe Base Release is curated and verified by experts specifically for COL. \nThe eXtended Release (COL XR) builds on the Base Release 2026-02-11 (COL26.2) by programmatically integrating additional data sources.\nIt integrates information from 60664 overlapping taxonomic and nomenclatural global, regional, national and management data sources (checklists) \nas well as originating from digitised literature available in Catalogue of Life's infrastructure ChecklistBank. \nNew names and other data included in the COL XR are indicated with the XR icon. \n\nThis release addresses several gaps of the Base Release and also enriches the existing names with information such as authorships, references, and vernacular names. \nIt also adds molecular data, such as barcode index numbers or operational taxonomic units, to the Catalogue of Life. Higher taxonomy is being added only in selected groups with important gaps. \nMeanwhile, the information from the global data sources of the Catalogue of Life Base Release remains unmodified.\n\nThis enhanced process is continuously evolving and undergoing quality control checks by COL editors and its community. \nDue to its programmatic nature as well as the taxonomic and nomenclatural differences among the data sources used, some issues may arise. \nWe therefore caution the user, and invite everyone to help log data issues in the [COL’s data GitHub repository](https://github.com/CatalogueOfLife/data/issues/new?template=xcol-content-feedback.md). \nWe will do our best to resolve these issues as soon as possible.
","type":"CHECKLIST","subtype":"TAXONOMIC_AUTHORITY","hostingOrganizationKey":"f4ce3c03-7b38-445e-86e6-5f6b04b649d4","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Catalogue of Life","hostingCountry":"NL","publishingCountry":"NL","publishingOrganizationKey":"f4ce3c03-7b38-445e-86e6-5f6b04b649d4","publishingOrganizationTitle":"Catalogue of Life","endorsingNodeKey":"03e816b3-8f58-49ae-bc12-4e18b358d6d9","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","keywords":["taxonomy"],"recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":9380256},{"key":"d7dddbf4-2cf0-4f39-9b2a-bb099caae36c","title":"GBIF Backbone Taxonomy","doi":"10.15468/39omei","description":"The GBIF Backbone Taxonomy is a single, synthetic management classification with the goal of covering all names GBIF is dealing with. It's the taxonomic backbone that allows GBIF to integrate name based information from different resources, no matter if these are occurrence datasets, species pages, names from nomenclators or external sources like EOL, Genbank or IUCN. This backbone allows taxonomic search, browse and reporting operations across all those resources in a consistent way and to provide means to crosswalk names from one source to another.
\nIt is updated regulary through an automated process in which the Catalogue of Life acts as a starting point also providing the complete higher classification above families. Additional scientific names only found in other authoritative nomenclatural and taxonomic datasets are then merged into the tree, thus extending the original catalogue and broadening the backbones name coverage. The GBIF Backbone taxonomy also includes identifiers for Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) drawn from the barcoding resources iBOL and UNITE.
\nInternational Barcode of Life project (iBOL), Barcode Index Numbers (BINs). BINs are connected to a taxon name and its classification by taking into account all names applied to the BIN and picking names with at least 80% consensus. If there is no consensus of name at the species level, the selection process is repeated moving up the major Linnaean ranks until consensus is achieved.
\nUNITE - Unified system for the DNA based fungal species, Species Hypotheses (SHs). SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification based on the determination of the RefS (reference sequence) if present or the RepS (representative sequence). In the latter case, if there is no match in the UNITE taxonomy, the lowest rank with 100% consensus within the SH will be used.
\nThe GBIF Backbone Taxonomy is available for download at https://hosted-datasets.gbif.org/datasets/backbone/ in different formats together with an archive of all previous versions.
\nThe following 105 sources have been used to assemble the GBIF backbone with number of names given in brackets:\n
The Catalogue of Life is an assembly of expert-based global species checklists with the aim to build a comprehensive catalogue of all known species of organisms on Earth. \nContinuous progress is made towards completion, but for now, it probably includes just over 80% of the world’s known species. \nThe Catalogue of Life estimates 2.3M extant species on the planet recognised by taxonomists at present time. \nThis means that for many groups it continues to be deficient, and users may notice that many species are still missing from the Catalogue.\n\n### What's new in April 2026 edition? \n \n#### 87 checklists have been updated:\n \n * 3i Auchenorrhyncha\n * Entiminae\n * FishBase via Aphia at VLIZ\n * Gelechiidae\n * ITIS \n * Scarabs \n * SF Aphid\n * SF Chrysididae\n * SF Coreoidea\n * SF Dermaptera\n * SF Isoptera\n * SF Lygaeoidea\n * SF Mantodea \n * SF Orthoptera\n * SF Phasmida\n * SF Plecoptera\n * SF Psocodea\n * WCO\n * WOL\n * World Ferns\n * World Plants\n * WoRMS, 66 checklists
","type":"CHECKLIST","subtype":"TAXONOMIC_AUTHORITY","hostingOrganizationKey":"f4ce3c03-7b38-445e-86e6-5f6b04b649d4","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Catalogue of Life","hostingCountry":"NL","publishingCountry":"NL","publishingOrganizationKey":"f4ce3c03-7b38-445e-86e6-5f6b04b649d4","publishingOrganizationTitle":"Catalogue of Life","endorsingNodeKey":"03e816b3-8f58-49ae-bc12-4e18b358d6d9","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":5375814},{"key":"fab88965-e69d-4491-a04d-e3198b626e52","title":"NCBI Taxonomy","doi":"10.15468/rhydar","description":"The NCBI taxonomy database is not a primary source for taxonomic or phylogenetic information. Furthermore, the database does not follow a single taxonomic treatise but rather attempts to incorporate phylogenetic and taxonomic knowledge from a variety of sources, including the published literature, web-based databases, and the advice of sequence submitters and outside taxonomy experts. Consequently, the NCBI taxonomy database is not a phylogenetic or taxonomic authority and should not be cited as such.","type":"CHECKLIST","hostingOrganizationKey":"fbca90e3-8aed-48b1-84e3-369afbd000ce","hostingOrganizationTitle":"GBIF Secretariat","hostingCountry":"ZZ","publishingCountry":"US","publishingOrganizationKey":"2f2e4f28-d929-4609-937b-9a8ebd265159","publishingOrganizationTitle":"National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)","endorsingNodeKey":"8618c64a-93e0-4300-b546-7249e5148ed2","license":"unspecified","recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":3995572},{"key":"6b6b2923-0a10-4708-b170-5b7c611aceef","title":"The European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) taxonomy","doi":"10.15468/avkgwm","description":"The classification system for source biological organisms for all INSDC records is the NCBI Taxonomy. The ENA team work alongside taxonomists at the NCBI to ensure that all ENA records display the accepted organism name and classification hierarchy. NCBI Taxonomy covers the complete tree of life and also includes other types, such as synthetic constructs and environmental samples. However, it is an incomplete classification system in that it only considers taxa for data that are represented in INSDC records. Users should note that taxa are only displayed if at least one associated ENA record is available.","type":"CHECKLIST","subtype":"TAXONOMIC_AUTHORITY","hostingOrganizationKey":"ada9d123-ddb4-467d-8891-806ea8d94230","hostingOrganizationTitle":"European Nucleotide Archive (EMBL-EBI)","hostingCountry":"GB","publishingCountry":"GB","publishingOrganizationKey":"ada9d123-ddb4-467d-8891-806ea8d94230","publishingOrganizationTitle":"European Nucleotide Archive (EMBL-EBI)","endorsingNodeKey":"d897a5b9-35ee-4232-94bd-b0bcaac003c2","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","keywords":["ENA taxonomy","DNA","Sequenced organisms","Molecular data"],"recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":2552207},{"key":"50c9509d-22c7-4a22-a47d-8c48425ef4a7","title":"iNaturalist Research-grade Observations","doi":"10.15468/ab3s5x","description":"\n Observations from iNaturalist.org, an online social network of people sharing biodiversity information to help each other learn about nature.\n
\n Observations included in this archive met the following requirements:\n
\n * Published under one of the following licenses or waivers:\n 1) https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, 2) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, 3) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\n
\n * Achieved one of following iNaturalist quality grades: Research\n
\n * Created on or before 2026-04-27 15:00:16 -0700\n
\n You can view observations meeting these requirements at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?created_d2=2026-04-27+15%3A00%3A16+-0700&d1=1600-01-01&license=CC0%2CCC-BY%2CCC-BY-NC&quality_grade=research\n
","type":"OCCURRENCE","hostingOrganizationKey":"28eb1a3f-1c15-4a95-931a-4af90ecb574d","hostingOrganizationTitle":"iNaturalist.org","hostingCountry":"US","publishingCountry":"US","publishingOrganizationKey":"28eb1a3f-1c15-4a95-931a-4af90ecb574d","publishingOrganizationTitle":"iNaturalist.org","endorsingNodeKey":"8618c64a-93e0-4300-b546-7249e5148ed2","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","decades":[1700,1800,1810,1820,1830,1840,1850,1860,1870,1880,1890,1900,1910,1920,1930,1940,1950,1960,1970,1980,1990,2000,2010,2020],"recordCount":146547526,"category":["CitizenScience"]},{"key":"8a863029-f435-446a-821e-275f4f641165","title":"Observation.org, Nature data from around the World","doi":"10.15468/5nilie","description":"This dataset contains occurrence data of flora and fauna species. From the Netherlands on a 5 x 5 km scale, data from other countries are exact. Observations from Belgium are excluded and can be accessed on GBIF through Natuurpunt and Natagora. It summarizes the observations recorded by >175.000 volunteers.\n
","type":"OCCURRENCE","hostingOrganizationKey":"c8d737e0-2ff8-42e8-b8fc-6b805d26fc5f","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Observation.org","hostingCountry":"NL","publishingCountry":"NL","publishingOrganizationKey":"c8d737e0-2ff8-42e8-b8fc-6b805d26fc5f","publishingOrganizationTitle":"Observation.org","endorsingNodeKey":"ad048418-7cd8-4070-a151-fe1c1f303129","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","keywords":["Bugs","Lichens","Plantlice","Mushrooms","Orthoptera","Algae","Mosses","Birds","Plants","Mammals","Moths","Dragonflies","Butterflies","Molluscs","Beetles","Reptiles and amphibians","Fish","Cicadas","Diptera","Weeds","occurrence","Observation"],"recordCount":127348534},{"key":"38b4c89f-584c-41bb-bd8f-cd1def33e92f","title":"Artportalen","doi":"10.15468/kllkyl","description":"Artportalen is a website for reporting and retrieving information on observations of Sweden’s plants, animals and fungi. Observations are entered individually or into several thousand subsets/projects (some of which are individually searchable) by individuals and NGOs (95% of data), by public authorities or agencies, and by corporate enterprises. An observation may include not only the species identity, reporter identity, location and date but additional information such as habitat type and weather can also be entered.
Access to ca. 93% of all data contained in the original dataset is unrestricted, the remainder is data for sensitive species as classified by the national checklist of sensitive species managed by SLU Swedish Species Information Centre. This dataset contains the open data. The restricted data can be retrieved from the original dataset given permission and requiring special log-in credentials.
Artportalen covers more than 40 000 Swedish species out of the 62 600 recorded in total from the country, including plants (18% of data representing flowering plants and mosses), vertebrates (0.2% fishes and herptiles, 70% birds, 0.4% mammals), invertebrates (8%) and fungi (4%). 81% of all data represent observations made from 2001-present, and almost all remaining observations refer to the period 1951-2000.
Taxa, nomenclature and hierarchy are sourced from Dyntaxa – the Swedish taxonomic database. Artportalen is developed and operated by the SLU Swedish Species Information Centre (SLU Artdatabanken) at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, on behalf of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.
","type":"OCCURRENCE","subtype":"OBSERVATION","hostingOrganizationKey":"4c415e40-1e21-11de-9e40-a0d6ecebb8bf","hostingOrganizationTitle":"GBIF-Sweden","hostingCountry":"SE","publishingCountry":"SE","publishingOrganizationKey":"b8323864-602a-4a7d-9127-bb903054e97d","publishingOrganizationTitle":"SLU Artdatabanken","endorsingNodeKey":"a0b3be64-6525-4387-ac67-a499950f92e1","networkKeys":["2b7c7b4f-4d4f-40d3-94de-c28b6fa054a6"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode","keywords":["Occurrence","Observation","Occurrence","Nature preservation and biodiversity"],"recordCount":118935544,"category":["CitizenScience"]},{"key":"2d59e5db-57ad-41ff-97d6-11f5fb264527","title":"World Register of Marine Species","doi":"10.14284/170","description":"An authoritative classification and catalogue of marine names. To obtain a full copy, please go to https://www.marinespecies.org/usersrequest.php
","type":"CHECKLIST","hostingOrganizationKey":"2089ce96-4fb5-4a20-999c-3ccf45a27a4d","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Flanders Marine Institute","hostingCountry":"BE","publishingCountry":"BE","publishingOrganizationKey":"d1f6b74b-1d53-44db-bed5-d08497095900","publishingOrganizationTitle":"WoRMS Editorial Board","endorsingNodeKey":"fb11cfe1-ebc3-45af-9159-17d9fddbcdac","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","keywords":["backbone","backbone","SpeciesChecklist","Marine","Specimens","Authoritative","Taxonomy","database","species","online","taxonomic","marine","checklist","inventoryThematic","taxonomicAuthority","globalSpeciesDataset"],"recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":1539643},{"key":"f382f0ce-323a-4091-bb9f-add557f3a9a2","title":"The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)","doi":"10.15468/6h8ucr","description":"The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) is a global consensus view of all known vascular plant species (flowering plants, conifers, ferns, clubmosses and firmosses).
WCVP aims to represent a global consensus view of current plant taxonomy by reflecting the latest published taxonomies while incorporating the opinions of taxonomists based around the world.
WCVP is built on the nomenclatural data provided by the International Plant Names Index (IPNI), which is the product of a collaboration between The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, The Harvard University Herbaria, and the Australian National Herbarium, combined with the taxonomic data provided by an international collaborative programme with a large number of contributors from around the world. Our thanks go to the compilers, editors and reviewers of IPNI and WCVP and in particular the thousands of users who have contributed corrections over the past decades, improving those data for the global user community.
","type":"CHECKLIST","subtype":"TAXONOMIC_AUTHORITY","hostingOrganizationKey":"061b4f20-f241-11da-a328-b8a03c50a862","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew","hostingCountry":"GB","publishingCountry":"GB","publishingOrganizationKey":"061b4f20-f241-11da-a328-b8a03c50a862","publishingOrganizationTitle":"Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew","endorsingNodeKey":"d897a5b9-35ee-4232-94bd-b0bcaac003c2","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","keywords":["Taxonomy","Plants","Kew","World","WCVP"],"recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":1441666},{"key":"046bbc50-cae2-47ff-aa43-729fbf53f7c5","title":"International Plant Names Index","doi":"10.15468/uhllmw","description":"The International Plant Names Index (IPNI) is a database of the names and associated basic bibliographical details of seed plants, ferns and lycophytes. \n\t\t\t\tIts goal is to eliminate the need for repeated reference to primary sources for basic bibliographic information about plant names. \n\t\t\t\tThe data are freely available and are gradually being standardized and checked. \n\t\t\t\tIPNI is a dynamic resource, depending on direct contributions by all members of the botanical community.\n\t\t\t\tIPNI is the product of a collaboration between The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, The Harvard University Herbaria, and the Australian National Herbarium.","type":"CHECKLIST","subtype":"NOMENCLATOR_AUTHORITY","hostingOrganizationKey":"72da316f-62b4-451e-9238-cf72289e6372","hostingOrganizationTitle":"The International Plant Names Index Collaborators","hostingCountry":"ZZ","publishingCountry":"ZZ","publishingOrganizationKey":"72da316f-62b4-451e-9238-cf72289e6372","publishingOrganizationTitle":"The International Plant Names Index Collaborators","endorsingNodeKey":"02c40d2a-1cba-4633-90b7-e36e5e97aba8","license":"unspecified","keywords":["clb:type=nomenclator","Nomenclator","Nomenclature","ICBN","Nomenclature","Nomenclator","Vascular plants","ICBfpn"],"recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":1352714},{"key":"d9a4eedb-e985-4456-ad46-3df8472e00e8","title":"The Plant List with literature","doi":"10.15468/btkum2","description":"This dataset is a derivative work under the \"Terms of Use for The Plant List\" http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/terms/ that (a) converts The Plant List version 1.1 CSV files into a Darwin Core Archive, and (b) adds identifiers (e.g., DOIs) and complete bibliographic details to the original citations for many of the plant names.The Plant List http://www.theplantlist.org/ is a working list of all known plant species. Version 1.1, released in September 2013, aims to be comprehensive for species of Vascular plant (flowering plants, conifers, ferns and their allies) and of Bryophytes (mosses and liverworts). It does not include algae or fungi. Version 1.1 contains 1,293,685 scientific plant names of which 350,699 are accepted species names. It includes no vernacular or common plant names.","type":"CHECKLIST","hostingOrganizationKey":"92f51af1-e917-49bc-a8ed-014ed3a77bec","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow","hostingCountry":"GB","publishingCountry":"GB","publishingOrganizationKey":"92f51af1-e917-49bc-a8ed-014ed3a77bec","publishingOrganizationTitle":"Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow","endorsingNodeKey":"d897a5b9-35ee-4232-94bd-b0bcaac003c2","license":"unspecified","recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":1322960},{"key":"bae5856f-da10-4333-90a0-5a2135361b30","title":"The Leipzig catalogue of vascular plants","doi":"10.15468/9qxmn3","description":"The Leipzig catalogue of vascular plants provides an updated and much improved reference list of 1,315,562 scientific names \nfor all described vascular plant species globally. \nThe Leipzig Catalogue of Vascular Plants (LCVP; version 1.0.3) contains 351,180 accepted species names (plus 6,160 natural hybrids), \nwithin 13,460 genera, 564 families and 84 orders. \nThe LCVP a) contains more information on the taxonomic status of global plant names than any other similar resource, \nand b) significantly improves the reliability of our knowledge by e.g. resolving the taxonomic status of ~181,000 names compared to The Plant List, the up to date most commonly used plant name resource. \nWe used ~4,500 publications, existing relevant databases and available studies on molecular phylogenetics to construct a robust reference backbone. \n\nA guiding principle during the compilation of the LCVP was to avoid polyphyletic genera, which are frequent in TPL, \neither by splitting genera (e.g. separating Goeppertia from Calathea) \nor fusing them (e.g. Stapelia and Duvalia in Ceropegia). \nHowever, we did not recombine any species name in the LCVP and in cases of unclear phylogenetic position of genera, we used the conservative (i.e. existing) name.\n\nFor details on methods see https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00702-z.","type":"CHECKLIST","subtype":"TAXONOMIC_AUTHORITY","hostingOrganizationKey":"f4ce3c03-7b38-445e-86e6-5f6b04b649d4","hostingOrganizationTitle":"Catalogue of Life","hostingCountry":"NL","publishingCountry":"DE","publishingOrganizationKey":"b48dbd22-0452-4c31-a6b5-28f04e99d8cf","publishingOrganizationTitle":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig","endorsingNodeKey":"4f6826f2-4ff6-443d-b966-e6913bd24013","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":1267338},{"key":"4cec8fef-f129-4966-89b7-4f8439aba058","title":"International Barcode of Life project (iBOL) Barcode Index Numbers (BINs)","doi":"10.15468/wvfqoi","description":"Established in 2008, the International Barcode of Life Consortium (iBOL, http://www.ibol.org/) is a research alliance of nations with the desire to transform biodiversity science by building the DNA barcode reference libraries, the sequencing facilities, the informatics platforms, the analytical protocols, and the international collaboration required to inventory and assess biodiversity.
\niBOL has overseen the completion of one major program, BARCODE 500K, and a second program, BIOSCAN runs for seven years from June 2019. The first program barcoded 500,000 species reflecting the investment of $150 million by research organizations in 25 nations. Building on this success, BIOSCAN will extend barcode coverage to 2.5 million species by 2025. This program will stimulate activation of the Planetary Biodiversity Mission (PBM) – iBOL’s final project. PBM is a research initiative that will deliver a comprehensive understanding of the composition and distribution of multi-cellular life by 2045.
\niBOL maintains the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD, http://www.boldsystems.org/). BOLD is a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform developed at the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics in Canada. It consists of four main modules, a data portal, an educational portal, a registry of BINs (putative species), and a data collection and analysis workbench.
","type":"CHECKLIST","hostingOrganizationKey":"fbca90e3-8aed-48b1-84e3-369afbd000ce","hostingOrganizationTitle":"GBIF Secretariat","hostingCountry":"ZZ","publishingCountry":"ZZ","publishingOrganizationKey":"b3bf3a83-1f68-4541-a03f-330d30d567f5","publishingOrganizationTitle":"The International Barcode of Life Consortium","endorsingNodeKey":"b797ce0f-47e6-4231-b048-6b62ca3b0f55","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":1024223},{"key":"9ca92552-f23a-41a8-a140-01abaa31c931","title":"Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)","doi":"10.5066/f7kh0kbk","description":"\n The White House Subcommittee on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics has identified systematics as a research priority that is fundamental to ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation. This primary need identified by the Subcommittee requires improvements in the organization of, and access to, standardized nomenclature. ITIS (originally referred to as the Interagency Taxonomic Information System) was designed to fulfill these requirements. In the future, the ITIS will provide taxonomic data and a directory of taxonomic expertise that will support the system.\n\nThe ITIS is the result of a partnership of federal agencies formed to satisfy their mutual needs for scientifically credible taxonomic information. Since its inception, ITIS has gained valuable new partners and undergone a name change; ITIS now stands for the Integrated Taxonomic Information System.\n\nThe goal is to create an easily accessible database with reliable information on species names and their hierarchical classification. The database will be reviewed periodically to ensure high quality with valid classifications, revisions, and additions of newly described species. The ITIS includes documented taxonomic information of flora and fauna from both aquatic and terrestrial habitats.\n\nThe original ITIS partners include:\nDepartment of Commerce\n National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)\nDepartment of Interior (DOI)\n Geological Survey (USGS)\nEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA)\nDepartment of Agriculture (USDA)\n Agriculture Research Service (ARS)\n Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)\nSmithsonian Institution\n National Museum of Natural History (NMNH)\n\nThese agencies signed a Memorandum of Understanding and have formed a Steering Committee that directs two technical work groups - the Database Work Group (DWG) and the Taxonomy Work Group (TWG). The DWG is responsible for the database design and overseeing development of the system to meet the requirements of the ITIS partners. The TWG is responsible for the quality and integrity of the database information. In addition to the database, the working groups have created "Taxonomic Workbench" software designed for easy entry and manipulation of taxonomic data.\n\nPrimary objectives of the TWG include the review of data prior to incorporation into the ITIS and the establishment of a process for periodic peer review to ensure data quality. The TWG has evaluated the taxonomic information priorities of the agencies and is locating data sources for the highest priority groups. Efforts to gather data are helping to identify gaps in taxonomic coverage in both scientific expertise and available information. The TWG hopes to promote collaboration among, and provide a point of focus for, taxonomists, scientific institutions, and taxonomic information users.\n\nFor each scientific name, ITIS will include the authority (author and date), taxonomic rank, associated synonyms and vernacular names where available, a unique taxonomic serial number, data source information (publications, experts, etc.) and data quality indicators. Expert reviews and changes to taxonomic information in the database will be tracked. Geographic coverage will be worldwide with initial emphasis on North American taxa. The TWG is coordinating its efforts with several national and international biodiversity programs.\n\nITIS will be a significant contribution to the scientific infrastructure that is fundamental to the description, conservation, and management of the nation's biodiversity. Use of the ITIS and the taxonomic serial numbers will facilitate sharing of biological information among researchers and cooperating agencies by providing a common framework for taxonomic data. Agencies that typically cannot afford to maintain taxonomic data will have access to high quality taxonomic information through ITIS. This project allows the coordination of efforts among federal agencies, thereby increasing productivity and saving resources.\n\nStatus reports on ITIS system development may be found in the What's New section. You can also contact Gerald Guala, Ph.D., Director, Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) at U.S. Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 302, Reston, VA 20192 or via email at itiswebmaster@itis.gov .\n ","type":"CHECKLIST","hostingOrganizationKey":"fbca90e3-8aed-48b1-84e3-369afbd000ce","hostingOrganizationTitle":"GBIF Secretariat","hostingCountry":"ZZ","publishingCountry":"US","publishingOrganizationKey":"bc092ff0-02e4-11dc-991f-b8a03c50a862","publishingOrganizationTitle":"National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution","endorsingNodeKey":"8618c64a-93e0-4300-b546-7249e5148ed2","license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode","recordCount":0,"nameUsagesCount":990271},{"key":"61a5f178-b5fb-4484-b6d8-9b129739e59d","title":"UNITE - Unified system for the DNA based fungal species linked to the classification","doi":"10.15468/mkpcy3","description":"UNITE is a rDNA sequence database designed to provide a stable and reliable platform for sequence-borne identification of all fungal species. 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