PARAMUNO P1 es un proyecto de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza enfocado en la reducción de gases de efecto invernadero mediante la conservación de bosques altoandinos y páramos en la cordillera de los Andes colombianos. El proyecto atiende la degradación de los ecosistemas de alta montaña, causada por el incremento en la demanda de agua y recursos, el cambio climático, el turismo, la minería y la expansión agrícola. Reconociendo que la conservación efectiva requiere comprender la biodiversidad que sostienen estos ecosistemas, Fundación Cataruben implementó un programa de monitoreo biológico complementario a los objetivos centrales del proyecto.
Durante el primer y segundo semestre de 2024, se llevó a cabo un importante ciclo de monitoreo biológico comunitario en diecinueve predios privados ubicados en los municipios de Salento (Quindío), Duitama y Santa María (Boyacá), Génova (Quindío), Salamina (Caldas), Inzá y Totoró (Cauca), y Cerrito, Palmira y Jamundí (Valle del Cauca), abarcando coberturas de bosque, vegetación secundaria alta, pastos y mosaicos de cultivos dentro de los ecosistemas de alta montaña. Durante su desarrollo, los propietarios contribuyeron activamente en la instalación de equipos e identificación de sitios de alta actividad de fauna.
De tal forma se implementaron tecnologías de monitoreo no invasivo, como fueron grabadoras autónomas de sonido, AudioMoth, que capturaron continuamente los paisajes sonoros de las aves en su comportamiento natural durante periodos variables de entre 5 y 22 días, donde el dispositivo grabó un minuto por cada 30 minutos que pasaban las 24 horas del día. Este ejercicio permitió identificar 166 especies de aves a través de 353 registros, entre las que se destacan grupos característicos del bosque altoandino y el páramo como tororois (Grallariidae), tapaculos (Rhinocryptidae) y colibríes (Trochilidae). Este conjunto de datos representa una línea base de biodiversidad para las áreas bajo conservación y aporta al conocimiento de la avifauna altoandina de los Andes colombianos, fortaleciendo así el aporte del proyecto a las metas de conservación de agua, acción climática y vida terrestre.
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monitoreo comunitario de la clase de Aves en estos 16 predios permitió la identificación de 166 especies distribuidas en 18 órdenes, 43 familias y 129 géneros.","coverages":[{"scientificName":"Aves","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"El monitoreo de biodiversidad para el proyecto Páramuno P1 se realizó en 16 predios ubicados entre los departamentos de Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Quindío y Valle del Cauca, en ecosistemas de bosque andino y páramo, comprendidos entre las coordenadas 2.44° y 5.98° de latitud norte, y -76.59° y -73.12° de longitud oeste.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":2.444415,"maxLatitude":5.984576,"minLongitude":-76.587539,"maxLongitude":-73.121608,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2024-05-10T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2024-11-01T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Samplingevent"]},{"thesaurus":"NA","keywords":["Colombia","Andes","Bosque andino","Boyacá","Quindío","Bonos de carbono","ONG","Cauca","Monitoreo comunitario","Ciencia ciudadana","Caldas","Valle del Cauca","Páramo","Aves","Fundación Cataruben"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"PARAMUNO P1","contacts":[{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=jhoan-martinez-aguabiodiversidadcarbono"],"firstName":"Jhoan","lastName":"Martinez","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=juan-felipe-cicuamia-acevedo-6ba7b3338"],"firstName":"Juan Felipe","lastName":"Cicuama","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=jose-luis-rodriguez-7b621277"],"firstName":"Jose Luis","lastName":"Rodriguez","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=maria-fernanda-wilches"],"firstName":"María Fernanda","lastName":"Willches","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=catalina-medina-prieto-084515266"],"firstName":"Catalina","lastName":"Medina Prieto","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=tatiana-cabrera-a44a30256/"],"firstName":"Ingry Tatiana","lastName":"Casulu","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"awards":[],"relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"Paramuno es una iniciativa de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza para la mitigación del cambio climático que trabaja de la mano con empresas como Copetran, Millonarios, AES Colombia, TSP, TSCasanare, AW Company, CESA y CNPC en el sector AFOLU (Agricultura, Silvicultura y Otros Usos de la Tierra), enfocada en evitar el cambio de uso de la tierra en páramos, turberas y humedales, así como la deforestación y degradación de bosques en la Cordillera de los Andes en Colombia. Su implementación abarca departamentos de la cordillera oriental y occidental del país, entre ellos Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Quindío y Valle del Cauca, una de las principales áreas de alta montaña y bosque andino del territorio nacional.\n\nEl proyecto aborda las principales causas de deforestación, degradación de ecosistemas y cambio de uso del suelo en áreas estratégicas como bosques altoandinos y ecosistemas de páramo. Estos factores incluyen la expansión de la frontera agropecuaria, la ganadería extensiva y los incendios forestales, tanto naturales como provocados por el ser humano. Para contrarrestar estos impactos, se fortalece la conservación de bosques y páramos, incentivando la recuperación de áreas degradadas a través de la restauración ecológica, contribuyendo a la conservación de la biodiversidad y garantizando el almacenamiento de carbono sobre y bajo el suelo, además de la regulación del recurso hídrico en ecosistemas estratégicos.\n\nReconociendo que las comunidades locales son actores clave en la transformación del paisaje, el proyecto define un modelo de intervención basado en la participación comunitaria, la gestión del conocimiento y el monitoreo participativo, dentro de un mecanismo de pago por resultados como su estrategia principal. A través de incentivos económicos, busca fortalecer los esfuerzos de conservación y asegurar la sostenibilidad de las iniciativas implementadas.\n\nFundación Cataruben lidera el proyecto como dueño del mismo, mientras que los propietarios de tierras participan como actores clave en su implementación. Cataruben establece las condiciones necesarias para el desarrollo del proyecto, liderando los procesos de monitoreo, validación, verificación, comercialización de créditos de carbono y distribución de beneficios. Los propietarios de tierras llevan a cabo actividades en sus predios, fomentando una colaboración efectiva entre los diversos actores, asegurando la transparencia y promoviendo la participación activa. Este modelo optimiza los beneficios ambientales y sociales, fortalece la gestión sostenible de los ecosistemas de alta montaña y contribuye significativamente a la mitigación del cambio climático."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"Durante un periodo variable entre 5 y 22 días se llevó a cabo el monitoreo en 16 predios privados ubicados en los municipios de Santa María y Duitama en el departamento de Boyacá; Salamina en el departamento de Caldas; Inzá y Totoro en el departamento de Cauca; Génova y Salento en el departamento de Quindío; y Jamundí, Cerrito y Palmira en el departamento del Valle del Cauca.","sampling":"Se desarrolló un monitoreo para aves con AudioMoths en zonas de bosque, pastos, vegetación secundaria alta y mosaicos de cultivo dentro de 16 de los predios conservados para el proyecto Páramuno, donde los propietarios establecieron el punto de ubicación del muestreo teniendo en cuenta sus saberes sobre la actividad de fauna dentro del predio, donde una vez instalado el equipo la coordenada de su ubicación dentro del predio fue capturada.","qualityControl":"A continuación se presenta una descripción de la configuración de los equipos enviados a campo para el monitoreo de aves.\nLos equipos de muestreo seleccionados fueron AudioMoth con GPS integrado los cuales se configuraron con el siguiente workflow. Para empezar se utilizó AudioMoth Time App para establecer la hora y fecha internacional. Posteriormente se pasa al software AudioMoth Configuration App, la cual se encuentra separada por secciones: \nSección Recording: Sample rate: 192, Gain: Med, se activó Enable sleep/ record cyclic recording, Sleep duration: 29min y Recording duration: 1min, se activó Enable LED y Enable Battery Level Indication (Use NiMH quedó desactivado).","methodSteps":["Sección Schedule: Se estableció un periodo de funcionamiento de 24 horas al día.","Sección Filtering: No se estableció ningun tipo de filtro teniendo en cuenta que se buscaba cualquier tipo de canto para hacer un inventario de la avifauna. ( Trigger type y Filter type: None).","Sección Advanced: Se activa Use device ID as prefix in WAV file name y Se activa Energy saver mode.","Sección Add-ons: Activar Enable GPS for time and location setting, Acquire GPS fix before and after: Activar Enable GPS for time and location setting, Acquire GPS fix before and after: Recording periods GPS fix time(mins): 2","Una vez finalizado el monitoreo fueron generados los audios y se identificaron las especies a partir de los cantos grabados con el software BirdNet- Analyzer."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"spa","purpose":"Fundación Cataruben busca integralidad en el desarrollo de proyectos relacionados con bonos de carbono. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de comprender la escala del impacto de la conservación en las áreas intervenidas, se implementaron muestreos de aves mediante grabadoras acústicas AudioMoth en los 16 predios vinculados al proyecto Páramuno P1, ubicados en ecosistemas de bosque andino y páramo. Es importante resaltar que se trató de un monitoreo comunitario, ya que se reconocen y valoran los conocimientos empíricos que poseen los habitantes locales sobre el territorio. Esta experiencia acumulada a través de la observación directa y la interacción cotidiana con el ecosistema resultó fundamental para ubicar los equipos de monitoreo considerando que estuvieran en zonas de alta actividad de fauna. La combinación de metodologías científicas estandarizadas con el saber tradicional permitió obtener una caracterización más completa y contextualizada de la biodiversidad presente, fortaleciendo además las capacidades locales y el sentido de apropiación comunitaria del proceso de conservación.
","acknowledgements":"Fundación Cataruben expresa su gratitud a Copetran, Millonarios, AES Colombia, TSP, TSCasanare, AW Company, CESA y CNPC por contribuir al proyecto Páramuno y a los propietarios, Leonardo Cárdenas Zea, Juvenal Ruiz Pérez, José Gabriel Meléndez Cerón, José Azael Meléndez Cerón, Francisco Eduardo Guzmán Muñoz, Julián Alberto Cano Arias, Elsa Liliana Maya Zemanate, Rosa María Maya Zemanate, Duver Hernán Maya Zemanate, Andrés David Drews, María Isabel Lloreda, Gustavo Adolfo Lloreda, Juan Carlos Lloreda, Fabiola Echeverri Palacio, Guillermo Echeverri Palacio, Gustavo Echeverri Palacio, Rocío López - Héctor Andrés - Jorge Eliécer - Julio César Restrepo, Julio Ernesto López, Alicia López, Luis López, Giraldo López, Mónica Macía Urrea y José Lisandro Mateus Medina, Martha Mateus Medina, Carmenza Mateus Medina, cuyo compromiso activo con la biodiversidad y la conservación en este evento de muestreo hace posible construir un futuro más sostenible.
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Se recolectaron mamíferos voladores con redes de niebla, mamíferos no voladores con trampas Sherman y anfibios mediante inspección por encuentro visual con captura manual (Visual Encounter Survey, VES).
","language":"spa","logoUrl":"https://gitlab.com/sib-colombia/logos/-/raw/main/socio-SiB-eafit.png","citation":{"text":"Rueda Isaza Y X, Díaz Nieto J F, Sánchez Giraldo C (2026). Fauna presente en el corregimiento de Joví, Nuquí (Chocó). Universidad EAFIT. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15472/xtydbi accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-09-06.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.15472/xtydbi","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":7130506,"abbreviatedName":"Rueda Isaza Y X","firstName":"Yehimy Xilena","lastName":"Rueda Isaza","roles":["METADATA_AUTHOR","ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-1353"]},{"key":7130507,"abbreviatedName":"Díaz Nieto J F","firstName":"Juan Fernando","lastName":"Díaz Nieto","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-5244"]},{"key":7130508,"abbreviatedName":"Sánchez Giraldo C","firstName":"Camilo","lastName":"Sánchez Giraldo","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8576-9377"]}],"lockedForAutoUpdate":false,"createdBy":"57c6cd7f-e50f-441e-849a-3d2e1912cb92","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:58:54.178+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.399+00:00","contacts":[{"key":7130506,"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-1353"],"firstName":"Yehimy Xilena","lastName":"Rueda Isaza","position":["Analista de laboratorio en Colecciones Biológicas"],"email":["yruedai@eafit.edu.co"],"phone":["(604) 42619500"],"homepage":[],"organization":"Universidad EAFIT","address":["Carrera 49 No 7 Sur-50"],"city":"Medellín","province":"Antioquia","country":"CO","postalCode":"050022","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.363+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.363+00:00"},{"key":7130507,"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-5244"],"firstName":"Juan Fernando","lastName":"Díaz Nieto","position":["Profesor titular"],"email":["jdiazni@eafit.edu.co"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Universidad EAFIT","address":["Carrera 49 No 7 Sur-50"],"city":"Medellín","province":"Antioquia","country":"CO","postalCode":"050022","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.367+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.367+00:00"},{"key":7130508,"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8576-9377"],"firstName":"Camilo","lastName":"Sánchez Giraldo","position":["Profesor"],"email":["csanchezg1@eafit.edu.co"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Universidad EAFIT","address":[],"city":"Medellín","province":"Antioquia","country":"CO","postalCode":"050022","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.368+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.368+00:00"},{"key":7130509,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-1353"],"firstName":"Yehimy Xilena","lastName":"Rueda Isaza","position":["Analista de laboratorio en Colecciones Biológicas"],"email":["yruedai@eafit.edu.co"],"phone":["(604) 42619500"],"homepage":[],"organization":"Universidad EAFIT","address":["Carrera 49 No 7 Sur-50"],"city":"Medellín","province":"Antioquia","country":"CO","postalCode":"050022","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.370+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.370+00:00"},{"key":7130510,"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-1353"],"firstName":"Yehimy Xilena","lastName":"Rueda Isaza","position":["Analista de laboratorio en Colecciones Biológicas"],"email":["yruedai@eafit.edu.co"],"phone":["(604) 42619500"],"homepage":[],"organization":"Universidad EAFIT","address":["Carrera 49 No 7 Sur-50"],"city":"Medellín","province":"Antioquia","country":"CO","postalCode":"050022","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.371+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.371+00:00"}],"endpoints":[{"key":1317776,"type":"DWC_ARCHIVE","url":"https://ipt.biodiversidad.co/sib/archive.do?r=eafit_fauna_jovi","createdBy":"57c6cd7f-e50f-441e-849a-3d2e1912cb92","modifiedBy":"57c6cd7f-e50f-441e-849a-3d2e1912cb92","created":"2026-09-04T21:58:54.444+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:58:54.444+00:00","machineTags":[]},{"key":1317775,"type":"EML","url":"https://ipt.biodiversidad.co/sib/eml.do?r=eafit_fauna_jovi","createdBy":"57c6cd7f-e50f-441e-849a-3d2e1912cb92","modifiedBy":"57c6cd7f-e50f-441e-849a-3d2e1912cb92","created":"2026-09-04T21:58:54.399+00:00","modified":"2026-09-04T21:58:54.399+00:00","machineTags":[]}],"machineTags":[{"key":32677412,"namespace":"crawler.gbif.org","name":"crawl_attempt","value":"1","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:59:54.708+00:00"}],"tags":[],"identifiers":[{"key":472661,"type":"URL","identifier":"https://ipt.biodiversidad.co/sib/resource?r=eafit_fauna_jovi","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.374+00:00","primary":false}],"comments":[],"bibliographicCitations":[],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"description":"Se registraron 25 especímenes de mamíferos. Del total, el 12% fue identificado hasta nivel de especie, el 76% hasta género y el 12% restantes hasta nivel de orden. En conjunto, los registros corresponden a dos órdenes (Chiroptera y Rodentia), dos familias, nueve géneros y dos especies.\n\nSe registraron 6 especímenes de anfibios. Del total, el 83% fue identificado hasta nivel de especie, mientras que el restante solo hasta nivel de género. Todos los registros perteneces al orden Anura y se distribuyen en cuatro familias.","coverages":[{"scientificName":"Carollia","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Artibeus","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Desmodus","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Dermanura","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Platyrrhinus","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Micronycteris","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Lophostoma","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Glossophaga","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Proechimys","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Lithobates","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Craugastor","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Pristimantis","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Hyalinobatrachium","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}},{"scientificName":"Rhinella","rank":{"verbatim":"genus","interpreted":"GENUS"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"Corregimiento de Joví, municipio de Nuquí, departamento del Chocó.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":5.60918,"maxLatitude":5.61679,"minLongitude":-77.38595,"maxLongitude":-77.38511,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2026-05-05T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2026-05-07T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Fauna presente en el corregimiento de Joví, Nuquí (Chocó)","contacts":[{"type":"POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-1353"],"firstName":"Yehimy Xilena","lastName":"Rueda Isaza","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"Universidad EAFIT","awards":[],"studyAreaDescription":"El área de estudio se localiza en el corregimiento de Joví, municipio de Nuquí, en el departamento del Chocó, sobre la costa del Pacífico colombiano. La zona presenta un clima húmedo, caracterizado por abundantes precipitaciones y una alta diversidad biológica. Su paisaje está conformado por bosques húmedos tropicales, ríos, quebradas y ambientes costeros como manglares.","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"Durante esta salida de campo se colectaron 31 especímenes correspondientes a anfibios y mamíferos en el corregimiento de Joví, municipio de Nuquí en el departamento del Chocó. La recolección se realizó mediante diferentes técnicas de muestreo empleadas comúnmente en estudios de biodiversidad, incluyendo trampas Sherman para pequeños mamíferos, redes de niebla para mamíferos voladores y el protocolo de inspección por encuentro visual con captura manual (Visual Encounter Survey, VES) para anfibios. Estas metodologías permitieron registrar y obtener especímenes representativos de la fauna presente en el área de estudio, contribuyendo al fortalecimiento de los procesos de formación académica de los estudiantes y al conocimiento de la biodiversidad de la reserva."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"Corregimiento de Joví, municipio de Nuquí en el departamento del Chocó.","sampling":"Se recolectaron mamíferos voladores con redes de niebla, mamíferos no voladores con trampas Sherman y anfibios mediante inspección por encuentro visual con captura manual (Visual Encounter Survey, VES).","methodSteps":["Mamíferos pequeños voladores: El muestreo de murciélagos se realizó a través de la instalación de mínimo tres redes de niebla por noche, dispuestas en uno o dos transectos de separación promedio de 20 m entre una y otra. Las redes fueron dispuestas en sitios representativos según la topografía y vegetación del sitio de muestreo y la captura se inició durante la actividad de forrajeo de los murciélagos entre las 17:30 y 18:00 horas para capturar especies de actividad vespertina.","Mamíferos pequeños no voladores: Para el muestreo de mamíferos pequeños no voladores se usaron trampas Sherman (80x90x228 mm) y trampas Victor. Las trampas se ubicaron (a una distancia mínima de 10-15 metros entre cada trampa) pensando en aquellos sitios por donde creemos que podrían pasar estos animales, por lo que se situaron cerca o al lado de cuerpos de agua, en el suelo del bosque donde se veían caminos, al lado del sendero y en cruzaderos como troncos que atraviesan de un lado a otro ya sea un río, el sendero o el mismo bosque. Además, se pusieron trampas altas o de dosel, a 5-7 metros de altura, para intentar capturar aquellos mamíferos arborícolas. Todos los días en la mañana se revisaron y se recebaron las trampas una por una, para verificar si había caído algún animal y para cambiarles el cebo (hecho con avena en hojuelas, mantequilla de maní y esencia de vainilla o de banano), debido a que este se lo pueden comer las hormigas u otros animales, lavarse con la lluvia o perder el olor. Los animales capturados se guardaban en bolsas de tela (100% algodón).","Anfibios: Se implementó la metodología de inspección por encuentro visual con captura manual (VES) para detectar y capturar anfibios. Los muestreos fueron desarrollados durante periodos diurnos (13:00–18:00) y nocturnos (20:00–02:00), y a lo largo de cada transecto (50 metros) fueron evaluados diferentes microhábitats disponibles en cada cobertura (e.g. colchón de hojarasca, alrededor de troncos caídos y piedras, ramas, troncos de árboles, orilla e interior de cuerpos de agua, etc.) buscando eliminar el efecto sobre la detectabilidad causado por la especialización de las diferentes especies.","Cada individuo encontrado a lo largo de los muestreos fue considerado como una observación independiente, y al momento de su registro se realizó una descripción detallada de la cobertura donde fue encontrado, microhábitat, cercanía a cuerpos de agua, altura de la percha, tipo de sustrato, sexo, clase de edad, fecha, hora, coordenadas geográficas y altura sobre el nivel del mar. Adicionalmente, fueron tomados todos los datos relevantes relacionados con la historia natural (e.g. canto, reproducción, dieta, etc.) de cada individuo al momento de la observación."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"spa","purpose":"En este recurso se documenta el proceso de recolección de 31 especímenes de anfibios y mamíferos en el corregimiento de Joví, municipio de Nuquí, departamento del Chocó. La información presentada corresponde a los resultados obtenidos durante la salida de campo del curso de Zoología, Sistemática Animal y Laboratorio del programa de Biología de la Universidad EAFIT.
","introduction":"Esta salidas de campo tienen como objetivo fortalecer la formación de los estudiantes mediante experiencias prácticas en ambientes naturales, permitiéndoles aplicar conocimientos teóricos relacionados con la zoología, la sistemática y el trabajo de campo. Además, promueven el desarrollo de habilidades en observación, identificación taxonómica, toma de datos biológicos, manejo ético de especímenes y comprensión de la biodiversidad en su contexto social, ecológico y de conservación.
","gettingStarted":"Los datos en este recurso de registros biológicos han sido publicados como Archivo Darwin Core (DwC).
","pubDate":"2026-09-04T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"AS_NEEDED","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":["http://data.ggbn.org/schemas/ggbn/terms/Permit"],"modified":"2026-09-04T21:59:55.285+00:00"}},{"key":"5cd77fb4-08d1-4d67-958f-bf06d1ba79a2","installationKey":"7ce8aef1-9e92-11dc-8740-b8a03c50a999","publishingOrganizationKey":"7ce8aef0-9e92-11dc-8738-b8a03c50a862","doi":"10.15468/gyq8t4","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"CHECKLIST","title":"A new species of Haranga Distant, 1908 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Penthimiini) from Yunnan Province, China, with a key to Chinese species","description":"This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Xu, Tielong, Li, Hu, Sun, Mingming, Dai, Renhuai (2026): A new species of Haranga Distant, 1908 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Penthimiini) from Yunnan Province, China, with a key to Chinese species. Zootaxa 5856 (1): 259-265, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.34, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.34
Abstract
Haranga amplea Xu & Dai sp. nov. from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. A checklist and key to known species of Haranga from China are provided, along with a map showing the geographic distribution of the genus. The type specimens are preserved in the Institute of Entomology of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (GUGC).
","language":"eng","homepage":"https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/summary/FFB4FFF8C954FFAFFFBFFFFFFFD8BD49","citation":{"text":"Xu T, Li H, Sun M, Dai R, plazi (2026). A new species of Haranga Distant, 1908 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Penthimiini) from Yunnan Province, China, with a key to Chinese species. Plazi.org taxonomic treatments database. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/gyq8t4 accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-09-06.","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":7130497,"abbreviatedName":"Xu T","firstName":"Tielong","lastName":"Xu","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8063-6150"]},{"key":7130498,"abbreviatedName":"Li H","firstName":"Hu","lastName":"Li","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-6084"]},{"key":7130499,"abbreviatedName":"Sun M","firstName":"Mingming","lastName":"Sun","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3702-109X"]},{"key":7130500,"abbreviatedName":"Dai 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Zootaxa 5856 (1): 253-258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.33, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.33
Abstract
Two new species of the genus Fistulatus are described and illustrated: Fistulatus guangdongensis sp. nov. and F. lamellatus sp. nov. An updated identification key to all 13 species currently recognized in the genus, including two new species, is provided. The holotypes are conserved in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
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ZooKeys 1291: 111-136, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1291.1863652
Abstract
The Western Palearctic genus Heremites Gray, 1845 (Scincidae) has a long history of taxonomic uncertainty, with particularly unstable placement of the disjunct Hindu Kush populations reported from eastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. Herein this eastern population is reassessed using an integrative dataset combining broad mitochondrial screening, a six-locus phylogeny, and comparative morphology. Phylogenetic analyses recovered four main well-supported clades corresponding to H. auratus, the H. septemtaeniatus complex, the H. vittatus complex, and the Hindu Kush lineage. The Hindu Kush lineage is inferred to be deeply divergent and was recovered as sister to the clade comprising H. auratus and the H. septemtaeniatus complex, with an estimated split in the Late Miocene at approximately 10 Mya. This deep mitochondrial divergence is further supported by concordant structuring in the nuclear allele networks. Uncorrected p-distances further support its distinctiveness, with high mitochondrial divergence from western clades (15.2–15.8 % in cyt b; 17.0–21.0 % in ND 2) and comparatively lower but consistent nuclear differentiation (1.17–2.59 % in MC 1 R and 2.5–3.3 % in RAG 1). Multivariate analyses of morphometric, meristic, and categorical data separate the Hindu Kush lineage from H. auratus and the H. septemtaeniatus complex, supporting the genetic data. We therefore describe this eastern lineage as a new species, currently known from two foothill localities along the southern margin of the Hindu Kush, and discuss its biogeographic significance and the need for a further genus-wide integrative revision.
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Zootaxa 5856 (1): 248-252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.32, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.32
Abstract
One new species of the genus Etmaria, E. thailandensis Lu, Li & Song, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Nan Province, northern Thailand.
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PhytoKeys 279: 27-34, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.279.203612
Abstract
Vincetoxicum phucanhense (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), a new species from Vietnam, is described, illustrated, and compared with three morphologically similar species: Vincetoxicum flexuosum (R. Br.) Kuntze, V. harmandii (Costantin) Meve & Liede, and V. tengii (Tsiang) Meve & Liede. V. phucanhense differs from V. flexuosum in having shorter pedicels, very sparsely hairy sepal margins (vs. glabrous), a larger corolla, broadly elliptic pollinia (vs. globose), longer fruits, and longer seeds. It also differs from V. harmandii in having shorter petioles, smaller leaf blades, glabrous adaxial leaf surfaces (vs. hairy), and a larger corolla. In comparison with V. tengii, V. phucanhense can be distinguished by its larger corolla, corolla coloration (yellow, pink, or red vs. greenish), and broadly elliptic pollinia (vs. globose). A key to the 14 species of Vincetoxicum recorded in Vietnam is provided.
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Recurso reportado por la Fundación Jardín Botánico Joaquín Antonio Uribe De Medellín en 2021-06-15 con certificado 17A1174E2F7 y migrado por el Equipo Coordinador del SiB Colombia como parte del nuevo procedimiento de reporte vigente desde el 1 de abril de 2022. La migración de este recurso incluyó la validación y ajustes en los datos en enfocados en el uso adecuado de vocabularios controlados en los elementos basisOfRecord y type, así como otros ajustes de formato menores necesarios para la correcta migración de los datos. Para mas información contactarse al correo sib@humboldt.org.co
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Para describir la(s) causa(s) de estos abandonos, se registraron posibles depredadores (cucarachas, hormigas, lagartijas).\nDe forma simultánea al inventario se llevó a cabo recolectas de 1-2 individuos de abejas, por cada colmena, considerando cada colmena como un sitio de muestreo independiente.","methodSteps":["Las colectas se realizaron, por medio de un aspirado entomológico para no dañar ninguna parte del cuerpo del individuo, garantizando así una correcta identificación y conservación de los especímenes. 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Zootaxa 5856 (1): 244-247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.31, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5856.1.31
Abstract
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Este conjunto de datos consta de 198 registros biológicos, tomados en los meses de enero y febrero del 2026 en los municipios de Bello, Caldas, La Estrella y Medellín.
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Grupos: angiospermas (monocotiledóneas y dicotiledóneas) y pteridófitas–licófitas. Familias dominantes: Asteraceae, Melastomataceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Poaceae y Piperaceae. Incluye 115 especies nativas y 5 endémicas de Colombia.","coverages":[{"scientificName":"Asteraceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Melastomataceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Fabaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Solanaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Poaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Piperaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"El área de estudio comprende seis sitios localizados en el Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia, una depresión intermontana en la vertiente occidental de la Cordillera Central de los Andes, articulada por el río Medellín y conformada por diez municipios del Área Metropolitana (AMVA). Los datos fueron tomados en los municipios de Bello, Caldas, La Estrella y Medellín.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":6.048354,"maxLatitude":6.364261,"minLongitude":-75.695493,"maxLongitude":-75.54439,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2026-01-23T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2026-03-25T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Análisis de los procesos de sucesión vegetal en zonas de movimientos en masa del Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá","identifier":"EAFIT_Aprovechamiento_Sostenible","contacts":[{"type":"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Adriana Isabel","lastName":"Osorio Mosquera","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"Universidad EAFIT, SIATA y Área Metropolitana del Valle de Áburra","awards":[],"studyAreaDescription":"El área de estudio comprende seis sitios localizados en el Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia, una depresión intermontana en la vertiente occidental de la Cordillera Central de los Andes, articulada por el río Medellín y conformada por diez municipios del Área Metropolitana (AMVA). Los sitios Las Playas (LY) en San Antonio de Prado, Pueblo Viejo (PV) en La Estrella, Salinas (SC) en Caldas, La Bermejala (BJ) y Palmitas (PM) en Medellín, y La Gabriela (LG) en Bello corresponden a movimientos en masa húmedos ocurridos entre 2017 y 2022, distribuidos en un gradiente altitudinal de 1570 a 1844 m s.n.m. La región presenta topografía de alta pendiente, sustrato geológico dominado por rocas metamórficas y régimen de precipitación bimodal, condiciones que favorecen estructuralmente la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa, en un contexto de paisaje altamente transformado por la expansión urbana y la fragmentación del bosque nativo característico de esta área metropolitana.","designDescription":"El proyecto se diseñó bajo un enfoque interdisciplinario y aplicado, integrando el análisis de información geotécnica, ecológica y territorial con trabajo de campo y revisión de información científica y técnica. El desarrollo contempla la caracterización de sitios y especies vegetales, el análisis de sus atributos funcionales y su relación con las técnicas de bioingeniería, para posteriormente consolidar herramientas que apoyen la selección, priorización e implementación de Soluciones basadas en la Naturaleza para movimientos en masa húmedos.","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"El proyecto de investigación está orientado al desarrollo y consolidación de Soluciones basadas en la Naturaleza (SbN) para el manejo de movimientos en masa húmedos, mediante la identificación y análisis de especies vegetales pioneras y de las condiciones biofísicas de los sitios donde pueden implementarse. La investigación busca integrar criterios geotécnicos, ecológicos y operativos para fortalecer la selección de técnicas de bioingeniería y especies vegetales, contribuyendo a la estabilización de laderas, la recuperación de áreas afectadas y la gestión integral del riesgo.\nComo resultado, se busca generar información y herramientas que faciliten la priorización de sitios y la toma de decisiones para la implementación de SbN, articulando el conocimiento técnico, los análisis de las condiciones del suelo y del componente biológico, la disponibilidad de especies y, progresivamente, el conocimiento local. El proyecto se desarrolla mediante el análisis de información existente, trabajo de campo, caracterización de sitios y especies, construcción de herramientas técnicas y procesos de transferencia y apropiación social del conocimiento."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"El proyecto tiene cobertura en el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá (AMVA), departamento de Antioquia, Colombia, abarcando específicamente los municipios de Medellín (incluyendo los corregimientos de San Antonio de Prado y San Sebastián de Palmitas), La Estrella, Caldas y Bello. Los seis sitios de estudio se distribuyen en las laderas oriental y occidental del valle, en un rango altitudinal de 1570 a 1844 m s.n.m., dentro de la zona andina y periurbana de la región metropolitana.","sampling":"El proyecto se diseñó bajo un enfoque interdisciplinario y aplicado, integrando el análisis de información geotécnica, ecológica y territorial con trabajo de campo y revisión de información científica y técnica. El desarrollo contempla la caracterización de sitios y especies vegetales, el análisis de sus atributos funcionales y su relación con las técnicas de bioingeniería, para posteriormente consolidar herramientas que apoyen la selección, priorización e implementación de Soluciones basadas en la Naturaleza para movimientos en masa húmedos.","qualityControl":"El control de calidad del proceso de muestreo y registro se aplicó en tres momentos consecutivos: campo, laboratorio y datos.\nEn campo se verificó la correcta georeferenciación de cada punto de muestreo mediante la confirmación de coordenadas en dos lecturas independientes con GPS, asegurando la correspondencia entre el punto registrado y la parcela establecida. Cada muestra fue rotulada en el momento de la colecta con número de colecta, fecha, localidad y coordenadas, evitando confusiones durante el traslado. Las descripciones morfológicas fueron registradas de forma inmediata en formato estandarizado, incluyendo características diagnósticas suficientes para facilitar la posterior identificación taxonómica.\n\nEn laboratorio se verificó la integridad de cada muestra al momento de su disposición en papel periódico, descartando material insuficiente o deteriorado y reemplazándolo cuando fue posible. Se confirmó la correcta aplicación del alcohol al 70% en todos los especímenes y el cierre hermético de los empaques, garantizando la preservación adecuada durante el traslado al Jardín Botánico de Medellín.\n\nEn la etapa de datos, los registros de ocurrencia fueron revisados contra los estándares Darwin Core del SiB Colombia antes de su carga, verificando la completitud de los campos obligatorios coordenadas, fecha, localidad, nombre del colector y número de colecta, la coherencia taxonómica de las determinaciones realizadas por el Jardín Botánico y la ausencia de duplicados o inconsistencias geográficas. Los registros con identificación provisional (cf.) o indeterminada (sp.) fueron cargados con el nivel taxonómico confirmado más preciso disponible, sin inferir determinaciones no respaldadas por el material colectado.","methodSteps":["El muestreo vegetal se realizó siguiendo los protocolos estandarizados del Sistema de Información sobre Biodiversidad de Colombia (SiB Colombia) para colectas botánicas. En cada uno de los seis sitios de estudio se establecieron puntos de muestreo predefinidos y georreferenciados previamente mediante GPS, en los cuales se instalaron parcelas de 1 m² para el registro sistemático de la cobertura vegetal presente.","En cada parcela se procedió a la toma de muestras vegetales representativas, registrando en campo las coordenadas geográficas precisas del punto de colecta, una descripción morfológica básica de cada espécimen incluyendo hábito, características foliares, presencia de flores o frutos y observaciones relevantes del microhábitat y el número de colecta asignado. Las muestras fueron almacenadas individualmente en bolsas con cierre hermético (Ziploc) debidamente rotuladas para garantizar la trazabilidad de cada registro durante el traslado al laboratorio.","Una vez en laboratorio, cada muestra fue dispuesta sobre papel periódico, envuelta cuidadosamente para preservar su estructura morfológica y conservada con alcohol etílico al 70%, técnica que permite mantener la integridad del material vegetal durante el periodo previo a su identificación taxonómica. Las muestras preservadas fueron posteriormente trasladadas al Jardín Botánico de Medellín Joaquín Antonio Uribe para su determinación taxonómica por especialistas, proceso a partir del cual se generaron los registros de ocurrencia que serán cargados al SiB Colombia bajo los estándares Darwin Core."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[{"name":"Jardín Botánico \"Joaquín Antonio Uribe\" Herbario","identifier":"RNC:33","parentIdentifier":"JAUM","specimenPreservationMethod":"DRIED_AND_PRESSED","curatorialUnits":[]}],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"spa","pubDate":"2026-09-04T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"AS_NEEDED","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":["http://data.ggbn.org/schemas/ggbn/terms/Permit"],"modified":"2026-09-04T15:11:55.463+00:00"}},{"key":"c32e96eb-91fe-4653-9474-91d875ddc488","installationKey":"7ce8aef1-9e92-11dc-8740-b8a03c50a999","publishingOrganizationKey":"7ce8aef0-9e92-11dc-8738-b8a03c50a862","doi":"10.15468/c83c5w","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"CHECKLIST","title":"Taxonomic review of the little-known genus Catanella Miyatake, 1961 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), with nomenclatural notes of four species of the tribe Serangiini from China","description":"This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Zhu, Zi-Hao, Hu, Yu-Xia, Wang, Xing-Min (2026): Taxonomic review of the little-known genus Catanella Miyatake, 1961 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), with nomenclatural notes of four species of the tribe Serangiini from China. Zootaxa 5828 (3): 519-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.6
Abstract
Previous studies paid little attention on the genus Catanella Miyatake, 1961. In present study, we revised the genus with description of a new species Catanella acuta Zhu & Wang sp. nov. The immature stages of Catanella are reported for the first time. A key and a distribution map of the known species of Catanella sp. are also presented. In addition specific epithets for four species of the tribe Serangiini from China are corrected according to ICZN.
","language":"eng","homepage":"https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/summary/FFC1D70EFFFB0C71640A4A4A453F4E40","citation":{"text":"Zhu Z, Hu Y, Wang X, plazi (2026). Taxonomic review of the little-known genus Catanella Miyatake, 1961 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), with nomenclatural notes of four species of the tribe Serangiini from China. Plazi.org taxonomic treatments database. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/c83c5w accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-09-06.","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":7130336,"abbreviatedName":"Zhu Z","firstName":"Zi-Hao","lastName":"Zhu","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4656-831X"]},{"key":7130337,"abbreviatedName":"Hu Y","firstName":"Yu-Xia","lastName":"Hu","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5451-5763"]},{"key":7130338,"abbreviatedName":"Wang 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Zootaxa 5828 (3): 481-501, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.4
Abstract
Two cryptic species of Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) montanus species group (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Oriental China have been discovered by DNA barcodes. Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) motuoensis Chen & Lin, sp. nov., and Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) neomatudigitatus Chen & Lin, sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The validity of some previously described species is discussed, and the diagnosis of the subgenus is amended. A key to known adult males of Cricotopus (Pseudocricotopus) is presented.
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description of the third-stage larva and puparium of Brachyopa testacea (Fallén, 1817) (Diptera, Syrphidae), with a revised identification key for larvae of the European Brachyopa Meigen, 1822","description":"This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Shparyk, Viktor Y., Carstensen, Leif Bloss, Boiko, Tetiana A., Popov, Grigory V., Zamoroka, Andrew M. (2026): First description of the third-stage larva and puparium of Brachyopa testacea (Fallén, 1817) (Diptera, Syrphidae), with a revised identification key for larvae of the European Brachyopa Meigen, 1822. Zootaxa 5828 (3): 502-518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5828.3.5
Abstract
The immature stages of Brachyopa testacea (Fallén, 1817), a saproxylic hoverfly with a wide range extending from western and central Europe through Scandinavia to the Asiatic parts of Russia, Mongolia and the Pacific, are described for the first time based on reared material from Denmark. The species is associated with Picea forests where adults are frequently encountered around recently felled stumps, making it one of the more regularly recorded Brachyopa species within suitable habitats. The description is based on comprehensive morphological documentation, including chaetotaxy mapping, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The identification key for European Brachyopa larvae has been revised and updated to incorporate B. testacea and to correct ambiguities in previous keys concerning Brachyopa panzeri Goffe, 1945 and Brachyopa dorsata Zetterstedt, 1837. The improved key addresses inconsistencies in morphological terminology and incorporates standardized chaetotaxy-based characters, enhancing the reliability of larval identification. This study emphasizes the continuing need for comprehensive descriptions of Brachyopa species immature stages to facilitate biodiversity assessment, ecological research and conservation of these important forest habitat indicators.
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Abstract. The present study compiles a list of Carabidae species from the Sakar-Tundzha biogeographical region. The species list is completed on the basis of the available bibliographic data with little support from material collected during field trips in 2012 – 2022. A total of 162 species are reported, including several endemic taxa (7 species and 8 subspecies), two relicts, and some rare and stenotopic beetles, such as the myrmecophile Paussus turcicus, xerophiles Carterus gilvipes and C. dama, mesophiles Cylindera germanica and Amara communis, or some riparian species living near the Tundzha riverbank. Carabus scabrosus is included in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria as Vulnerable. Beetles belong to 56 genera and 23 tribes. This represents, respectively, about 21% of all established for Bulgarian carabid fauna species, 45% of the genera and 64% of the tribes. There are five species reported for the first time in the Sakar Mountain. The richest tribes are Harpalini (47 species), Pterostichini and Lebiini (16 species each), Carabini, Bembidiini and Amarini (13 species each). Zoogeographical analysis shows that the Mediterranean and the European-Asiatic complexes prevail. Ground beetles are also characterised and classified according to their life forms, wing morphology and humidity preferences. The insufficient research in the area suggests that future targeted studies would contribute to the enrichment of the species list presented here.
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