This dataset is the first comprehensive checklist of lichens and lichenicolous fungi recorded from mainland Portugal. The compilation is based on the critical assessment of 43,714 bibliographic records drawn from 381 publications issued between 1788 and 2021. A total of 2,012 species and infraspecific taxa are documented, from a universe of 4,440 taxonomic names, including synonyms. Nomenclature was updated following the ITALIC 8.0 database as the primary reference for accepted names and their synonymy.
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ITALIC – The Information System on Italian Lichens. Version 8.0. University of Trieste, Dept. of Biology: Trieste, Italy. Available online: https://italic.units.it/ (accessed on 23 October 2025).","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Index Fungorum (2024). Index Fungorum Page. Available from: www.indexfungorum.org","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Arcadia, L. (2024). List of lichen names. Version (05-Nov-2024) from: www.lichensofgreece.com","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Consortium of Lichen Herbaria (2025) http//:lichenportal.org/portal/index.php. Accessed on 2025-01","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Chapman, A.D.; Wieczorek, J.R. Georeferencing Best Practices; GBIF Secretariat: Copenhagen, Denmark, 2020.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.15468/doc-gg7h-s853","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"description":"N/A","coverages":[{"scientificName":"Microthyriales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Filobasidiales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Coniocybomycetes","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"Lichenostigmatales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Trichosphaeriales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Incertae 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study covered Mainland Portugal, which is part of the Iberian Peninsula, in the southwestern extreme of Continental Europe. The geographic extent, in the Northern Hemisphere, is between latitudes 37° N and 42° N and longitudes 6° W and 10° W.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":36.031,"maxLatitude":45.583,"minLongitude":-11.074,"maxLongitude":-5.801,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"1788-01-01T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2021-01-01T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Checklist"]},{"thesaurus":"Not available","keywords":["Iberian Peninsula","nomenclature","biodiversity","lichenized fungi","taxonomy","Western Europe"]}],"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"This study represent the first comprehensive checklist of lichens and lichenicolous fungi recorded from mainland Portugal, based on the critical assessment of 43,714 bibliographic records drawn from 381 publications issued between 1788 and 2021. A total of 2,012 species and infraspecific taxa are documented from a universe of 4,440 taxonomic names, including synonyms","sampling":"For this study, the scientific papers, monographs, and relevant historical works published between 1788 and 2021 and containing lichen occurrences for Portugal were considered. This totaled 381 bibliographic sources from which were critically evaluated and extracted a total of 43,718 species occurrences. The inclusion criteria comprised all publications reporting lichen taxa with taxonomic, ecological, or distribution information.","qualityControl":"Occurrence records were thoroughly verified for data quality and consistency using OpenRefine. For records containing geographic coordinates, these were checked on the coordinate reference system (CRS) of the original values, and converted to decimal latitude and longi-tude, using CRS WGS84. Nomenclature was updated primarily according to the ITALIC 8.0 database. In addition, cross-validation was performed using additional taxonomic sources (e.g., Index Fungorum, Arcadia, Iberian Checklist, Consortium of Lichen Herbaria)","methodSteps":["Transcription and compilation of lichen occurrences from bibliographic sources, into a spreadsheet containing the following columns: species_normalised, species_current_name, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, taxonomicStatus, nomenclaturalStatus, Remarks, recordedBy / identifiedBy (Leg/det), publication, remarks, sampling_date, ecology, local, altitude, altitude, Latitude, Longitude, species_source, identificationQualifier, comments_notes_identification, province.","Curation of taxa names, based on the taxonomic sources building of the Taxon table, in accordance to Darwin Core standard..","Records containing locality information were georeferenced, following the protocol described by Chapman and Wieczorek (2020).","Preparation of the following extension tables in accordance to Darwin Core and GIF extensions:\n- occurrence\n- extended measurements or facts - with information about the substrate type\n- species distribution - with reference to the province presence\n- resource relationship - identifies duplicated occurrence citations"]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","acknowledgements":"We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Josefina Álvarez for her valuable contribution during the early stages of this project. We are also grateful to Professor Pier Luigi Nimis for chal-lenging us to undertake the development of this checklist and for his constant encouragement throughout. We further wish to thank Tânia Lúcio for her valuable assistance in the digitization of scientific data.
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