{"key":"17159b4e-2f26-4a92-b6b4-8b96c8fe7d5c","installationKey":"7092f0d0-91a2-4734-8dc7-3e688df82d04","publishingOrganizationKey":"9dd6b85d-5f62-47e7-8f49-c138b60b4f64","doi":"10.15468/brjdvz","version":"1.1","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"OCCURRENCE","subtype":"OBSERVATION","shortName":"Insect pollinators diversity of Kafa Biosphere Reserve","title":"Insect Pollinators Diversity Under different Land Uses of Kafa Biosphere Reserve and its surroundings, South Western Ethiopia","description":"\n            Insect pollinator diversity, abundance, and environmental factors were studied within and around Bale Mountains National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site and biodiversity hotspot.\n        ","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Girma Z, Misgnaw M, Gebresilassie A (2026). Insect Pollinators Diversity Under different Land Uses of Kafa Biosphere Reserve and its surroundings, South Western Ethiopia. Version 1.1. Hawassa University, Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources. 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As Ethiopia's first biosphere reserve and the world's first coffee biosphere reserve, the KBR holds global appeal for coffee enthusiasts and ecotourists. Located in southwest Ethiopia's highlands (7º0’ – 8º0’N, 35º30’-37º0’E), the KBR is the birthplace of wild Arabic coffee, harboring nearly 5,000 wild varieties. Its forests feed the Gojeb, Dinchia, and Woshi rivers, acting as a vital freshwater reservoir. This forest ecosystem significantly supports local livelihoods by providing wild coffee, valuable spices, and wild honey.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":6.817,"maxLatitude":7.798,"minLongitude":35.09,"maxLongitude":35.947,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2023-11-26T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2025-06-26T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["agriculture","core","buffer","Occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Insect Pollinators Diversity Under different Land Uses of Kafa Biosphere Reserve and its surroundings, South Eastern Ethiopia","identifier":"CESP2024-013","contacts":[{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Zerihun","lastName":"Girma","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Manaye","lastName":"Misgnaw","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Araya","lastName":"Gebresilassie","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Kidist","lastName":"Fekadu","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Mikias","lastName":"Biazin","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Beyene","lastName":"Tekelu","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"The data collection was financial supported by JRS Biodiversity through grant number 70032 to Hawassa University.","awards":[{"funderName":"JRS Biodiversity Foundation","funderIdentifiers":[],"awardNumber":"70032","title":"Insect pollinator diversity under different land uses in and around Kafa Biosphere Reserve and Bale Mountains National Park, Southern Ethiopia"}],"studyAreaDescription":"The Kafa Biosphere Reserve (KBR), a UNESCO world heritage site and biodiversity hotspot in Southwest Ethiopia (7º0’ – 8º0’N, 35º30’-37º0’E), provides crucial ecosystem services for millions of local inhabitants. As Ethiopia's first biosphere reserve and the world's first coffee biosphere reserve, the KBR is a potential ecotourism destination, particularly for coffee enthusiasts. This predominantly highland region, covered by evergreen montane forest, is the birthplace of wild Arabic coffee, harboring nearly 5,000 wild varieties. The KBR is also a major water source for the Gojeb, Dinchia, and Woshi rivers, acting as a vital freshwater reservoir. The forest ecosystem significantly supports local livelihoods by providing wild coffee, valuable spices, and wild honey.","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"Data on insect pollinator diversity, abundance, and environmental factors was collected within and around Bale Mountains National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site and biodiversity hotspot."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"The study was carried out in core, buffer zones of Bale Mountains National Park and the surrounding agricultural land. Sampling was carried out in all habitat types in the core buffer zones and the surroundings agricultural land.  Data was collected for two years from 2024 to 2025 covering both dry and wet seasons.","sampling":"Insect pollinator data were collected using fixed transect walks, pan traps, and timed focal flower observations. Within each management zone, a 50m x 25m (125 m2) plot was established at 500m intervals. Plant species were recorded once within each plot to assess plant diversity, followed by observations of flowering plants and pollinators. Pollinator observations were conducted at four 1m x 1m (1 m2) points within each plot, between 8:00 and 11:00, the optimal time for insect activity (Willmer, 2011), under favorable weather conditions (sunny, no rain, 25-38°C) (Rader et al., 2013; Speights et al., 2017). Pollinators visiting flowering plants within the four 1 m2 plots were counted for 15 minutes. Insect pollinators were also collected using sweep nets around the herb layer and understory canopy while walking at a constant speed around the 50m x 25m (1250 m2) plot. Pan traps, typically of three colors mimicking flowers, were placed at vegetation height and collected after a standardized time. These were arranged in a zig-zag pattern within the 50m x 25m plot, in 1mx1m subplots. White, blue, yellow, and green pan traps were placed on the ground for 4-8 hours, following standard procedures. All insect pollinator observations were carried out under good weather conditions, during periods of insect pollinator activity, characterized by low wind, sunny, warm, and unclouded days.","methodSteps":["Insect pollinator data was collected from core and buffer habitats of Bale Mountains National Park, and surrounding agricultural land, using sweep nets, pan traps, and light traps. Each pollinator was coded, and individuals per plot were counted. Voucher specimens were prepared using standard techniques (spreading, mounting, and preserving) and identified in the laboratory to the lowest possible taxonomic group using a stereo microscope and standard guidebooks. Data were then entered into Microsoft Excel and formatted for GBIF compatibility."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[{"name":"Insect Pollinators of Kafa Biosphere Reserve","specimenPreservationMethod":"DRIED","curatorialUnits":[]}],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","acknowledgements":"We thank JRS Biodiversity for grant number 70032 to Hawassa University, which funded this research on insect pollinator diversity. We also thank Matthew V. Cassetta, Executive Director of JRS Biodiversity, for his leadership and support of this 36-month project to enhance pollinator conservation in Ethiopia.","pubDate":"2026-02-19T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"AS_NEEDED","maintenanceDescription":"Data will be updated as new collections, identifications, and taxonomic revisions occur","license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":["http://rs.iobis.org/obis/terms/ExtendedMeasurementOrFact"],"modified":"2026-07-11T13:19:10.582+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":742}}