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under  art. 171, para 2, item 3 of the Water Act (WA) for implementation of the monitoring requirements of  the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MFSD),  Contract № D-33-14/27.05.2014, MoEW","contacts":[{"type":"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-6519"],"firstName":"Kremena","lastName":"Stefanova","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1378-3302"],"firstName":"Elitsa","lastName":"Stefanova","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"The monitoring program is carried out by the Institute of Oceanology - BAS under agreements with the Ministry of Environment and Water (MoEW) of the Republic of Bulgaria. Funded by MoEW.","awards":[],"studyAreaDescription":"Bulgarian Black Sea - coastal stations located in the 1n.m. area in the  Bulgarian Black Sea region.","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"The zooplankton data is a part of long-term monitoring programs under the Water Framework Directive (WFD)."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"Sampling area: Bulgarian Black Sea - coastal stations located in the 1n.m. area in the  Bulgarian Black Sea region.\nSampling period: May - September 2014","sampling":"Zooplankton samples are collected by vertical plankton Juday net with closing mechanism (0.1 m2 mouth opening area, 150 μm mesh size), from 2 meters above the bottom or oxygen minimum zone to the surface at integral sampling layers or districted layers depending of water stratification and thermocline depth (Alexandrov et al., 2020).","qualityControl":"According to Alexandrov et al., 2020","methodSteps":["The Juday net is hauled vertically with a speed not exceeding 1 m/s (UNESCO, 1968). After taking the net onboard, the content of cod-end is collected. Before zooplankton sample preservation, the gelatinous species (Aurelia aurita, Pleirobrachia pileus, Mnemiopsis leidyi, Beroe ovata) are removed, rinsed, measured and counted on board (Shiganova et al., 2021). The samples are preserved in final 4% formalin solution buffered to pH 8-8.2 with disodiumtetraborate (borax) (Na2B403·10 H20) (Alexandrov et al., 2020).\nFiltered water volume is calculated based on length of tow and area of mouth: V=S·d, where V [m3] is the volume of water filtered by the net, S [m2] is the mouth surface area, and d [m]  is the distance of the tow. In order to save the filtration capacity, after each cruise the net must be washed with detergent in warm fresh water. After storage for at least 20 days in a cool and dark place, in the laboratory the samples are concentrated to 100-150 ml and settled before being divided into sub-samples.  Dimov’s method (1959) is used for quantitative assessment (abundance) and qualitative (taxonomic structure) processing of sub-samples examined by using an Olympus SZ30 Stereoscopic Zoom Microscope. Large scale zooplankters (Calanus euxinus, Chaetognaths, Decapoda larvae, Pisces eggs and larvae, etc.) are counted in the whole sample.\nSpecies were identified according to Morduhay-Boltovskoy (1968, 1969, 1972) manuals.\nTaxonomic nomenclature is according to the on-line data-base of World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) http://www.marinespecies.org/"]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","purpose":"Bulgaria, as a\nmember of the European Union, carries out marine ecosystem monitoring under the\nMarine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), with the aim of achieving Good\nEnvironmental Status (GES). Monitoring of the Bulgarian Black Sea, including\nzooplankton, has been conducted under agreements with the Ministry of\nEnvironment and Water (MoEW) during the period 2012–2021. The focus has been on\nthe development and testing of zooplankton indicators, as well as the\ncollection of new data. In 2014, a four-month WFD monitoring program (from May to\nSeptember) was implemented.","acknowledgements":"<p>The zooplankton data is a part of long-term monitoring programs under the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The monitoring program is carried out by the Institute of Oceanology - BAS under agreements with the Ministry of Environment and Water (MoEW) of the Republic of Bulgaria. Funded by MoEW.</p>","additionalInfo":"marine, harvested by iOBIS","pubDate":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"IRREGULAR","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event","extensions":["http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","http://rs.iobis.org/obis/terms/ExtendedMeasurementOrFact"],"modified":"2026-09-21T11:09:46.999+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":625}}