{"key":"2ea0ad23-2f53-41c0-a00c-68d3c6a0ea80","installationKey":"5ff1c992-5c84-40aa-bd9a-c1743a870c32","publishingOrganizationKey":"c98a8d0d-cab2-4506-8c0f-c91a5e4996b9","doi":"10.15468/eu9dhp","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"OCCURRENCE","subtype":"OBSERVATION","title":"Leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) observations and occurrences in the Southern Ocean","description":"<p>Between 1993 and 1996 observations of individual leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) Bird Island, South Georgia were recorded. The purpose of this study was to monitor haul out patterns, seasonality and diet of leopard seals. This sampling program resulted in a collection of photos of individual leopard seals, many of which were tagged or known individuals (based on scars or pelage patterns). The collection includes different gender and life stages and individuals exhibiting different behaviour such as feeding (Antarctic fur seal or penguin kills) or swimming. Individual seals may have been photographed multiple times. A number of individuals were tagged using Dalton Jumbotags, Dalton Supplies Ltd., UK. Other seals could be identified by unique markings (scars or pelage patterns). This resource is based upon this photo collection and includes presence information only – no information is provided to calculate density. The next version of this resource will be enhanced and include the photos associated with these observations. In addition it will also be expanded to include photos collected between 1993 to present (2016).</p>","language":"eng","homepage":"http://iobis.org/mapper/?resource_id=xx","citation":{"text":"Walker T R (2016). Leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) observations and occurrences in the Southern Ocean. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/eu9dhp accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-10-14.","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":6912148,"abbreviatedName":"Walker T R","firstName":"Tony R.","lastName":"Walker","roles":["ORIGINATOR","METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":[]}],"lockedForAutoUpdate":false,"createdBy":"c98a8d0d-cab2-4506-8c0f-c91a5e4996b9","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-02-13T21:10:43.385+00:00","modified":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.088+00:00","contacts":[{"key":6912148,"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":true,"userId":[],"firstName":"Tony R.","lastName":"Walker","position":["assistant professor"],"email":["trwalker@dal.ca"],"phone":[],"homepage":["http://www.dal.ca/faculty/management/sres/faculty-staff/our-faculty/tony-walker.html"],"organization":"School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University","address":["6100 University Avenue"],"city":"Halifax","province":"Nova Scotia","country":"CA","postalCode":"B3H 4R2","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.065+00:00","modified":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.065+00:00"},{"key":6912149,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":true,"userId":[],"firstName":"Tony R.","lastName":"Walker","position":["assistant professor"],"email":["trwalker@dal.ca"],"phone":[],"homepage":["http://www.dal.ca/faculty/management/sres/faculty-staff/our-faculty/tony-walker.html"],"organization":"School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University","address":["6100 University Avenue"],"city":"Halifax","province":"Nova Scotia","country":"CA","postalCode":"B3H 4R2","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.069+00:00","modified":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.069+00:00"},{"key":6912150,"type":"PUBLISHER","primary":false,"userId":[],"lastName":"OBIS Canada","position":["data management team"],"email":["mary.kennedy@dfo-mpo.gc.ca"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","address":["Bedford Institute of Oceanography"],"city":"Dartmouth","province":"Nova Scotia","country":"CA","postalCode":"B2Y 4A2","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.070+00:00","modified":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.070+00:00"},{"key":6912151,"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":true,"userId":[],"firstName":"Tony R.","lastName":"Walker","position":["assistant professor"],"email":["trwalker@dal.ca"],"phone":[],"homepage":["http://www.dal.ca/faculty/management/sres/faculty-staff/our-faculty/tony-walker.html"],"organization":"School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University","address":["6100 University Avenue"],"city":"Halifax","province":"Nova Scotia","country":"CA","postalCode":"B3H 4R2","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.071+00:00","modified":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.071+00:00"}],"endpoints":[{"key":1242885,"type":"DWC_ARCHIVE","url":"https://ipt.iobis.org/obiscanada/archive.do?r=leopard_seals","createdBy":"c98a8d0d-cab2-4506-8c0f-c91a5e4996b9","modifiedBy":"c98a8d0d-cab2-4506-8c0f-c91a5e4996b9","created":"2026-02-13T21:10:43.540+00:00","modified":"2026-02-13T21:10:43.540+00:00","machineTags":[]},{"key":1242884,"type":"EML","url":"https://ipt.iobis.org/obiscanada/eml.do?r=leopard_seals","createdBy":"c98a8d0d-cab2-4506-8c0f-c91a5e4996b9","modifiedBy":"c98a8d0d-cab2-4506-8c0f-c91a5e4996b9","created":"2026-02-13T21:10:43.507+00:00","modified":"2026-02-13T21:10:43.507+00:00","machineTags":[]}],"machineTags":[{"key":33142644,"namespace":"crawler.gbif.org","name":"crawl_attempt","value":"30","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-10-12T02:12:25.648+00:00"}],"tags":[],"identifiers":[{"key":463632,"type":"URL","identifier":"http://ipt.iobis.org/obiscanada/resource?r=leopard_seals","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-02-13T21:11:52.073+00:00","primary":false}],"comments":[],"bibliographicCitations":[{"text":"Walker, T. R., Boyd, I. L., McCafferty, D. J., Huin, N., Taylor, R. I., & Reid, K. (1998). Seasonal occurrence and diet of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) at Bird Island, South Georgia. Antarctic Science, 10(01), 75-81.","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"coverages":[{"scientificName":"Hydrurga leptonyx","commonName":"leopard seal","rank":{"verbatim":"species","interpreted":"SPECIES"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"Bird Island, South Georgia","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":-54.013,"maxLatitude":-54.008,"minLongitude":-38.063,"maxLongitude":-38.052,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"1994-01-01T00:00:00.001+00:00","end":"1995-12-31T00:00:00.001+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml","keywords":["Occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"Observations of leopard seals in the southern ocean recorded in 1993. Observations collected between 1993 to present will be released in the next version of this resource.","sampling":"Photographs taken of individual seals observed on a number of beaches on Bird Island, South Georgia. A description of the individual being photographed was recorded - the tag number and/or markings. In addition the name of the beach and the date/time observed were recorded. Locations were later georeferenced by the author using Google Earth.","qualityControl":"Scientific names associated with resource occurrence records have been mapped to recognized standards - marine taxa have been mapped to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). The WoRMS codes, the AphiaIDs have been included as LSIDs in the occurrence record DwC field scientificNameID. \nLatitude and longitude coordinates were plotted and locations confirmed to be within the sampling area.","methodSteps":["This resource contains only the occurrence information associated with the photos. images associated with these observations will be included in the next version of this resource","This resource was created by Tony Walker in collaboration with Kristen Sora, Christine Ward Paige and the OBIS Canada data management team. Acknowledgements: Thanks to Marilou Delignieres for all her hard work digitizing the observation information and scanning all the images. Without this assistance this resource could not be easily shared."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","additionalInfo":"marine, harvested by iOBIS","pubDate":"2016-09-26T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"UNKOWN","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":[],"modified":"2026-07-12T10:07:15.208+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":39}}