This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Li, Rui-Yu, Luo, Yuan, Zhao, Duan-Fen, Li, Ye-Ting, Song, Han-Bing, Shen, Hong-Wei, Luo, Zong-Long, Tang, Song-Ming (2026): Species diversity of edible mushrooms IV: Morphology and phylogenetic analysis reveal two new species of Lyophyllum (Lyophyllaceae, Basidiomycota) from Yunnan Province, Southwestern China. MycoKeys 136: 1-19, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.136.193238
Abstract
Lyophyllum species holds significant economic and medicinal value. During an investigation of macrofungi in southwestern China, seven Lyophyllum specimens were collected. Detailed morphological examinations, together with multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS), nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb 2), and translation elongation factor 1 - alpha (tef 1 - α) sequence data, revealed two previously undescribed species, Lyophyllum hemigaleatum and L. pseudorrhizum. Lyophyllum hemigaleatum has an orange and hemispherical pileus (1.4–1.8 cm), inflexed of margin; pileus context white, fleshy, and turns slightly desaturated orange when injured; basidiospores broadly to subbroadly (av. 7.36 ± 0.65 × 5.10 ± 0.44 μm); in multi-locus phylogenetic analysis, Lyophyllum hemigaleatum is closely related to L. semitale, L. semitale was originally described from Sweden, has a larger pileus (2.5 cm vs. 1.4–1.8 cm) and a white stipe; its most distinctive feature is a distinctly rooted stipe and saprophytic on wood, these pieces of evidence support our tentative identification of L. hemigaleatum as new species. Lyophyllum pseudorrhizum is characterised by a fleshy pileus (1.2–2.8 cm wide) that is greyish orange, hemispherical when young, becoming plano-convex or convex with age and with an inflexed margin; pileus context is white and unchanged in colour when injured; stipe base aggregates to form pseudorrhiza; basidiospores subglobose to broadly ellipsoid (av. 5.2 ± 0.42 × 4.8 ± 0.34 μm). Descriptions, illustrations and phylogenetic analysis results of the new species are provided. In addition, the new species are compared with closely related taxa.
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