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The database includes a range of information, including taxonomy, locality details such as location name, country, geographic coordinates, and type of subterranean habitat, as well as reference information for each record.</p>","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Nicolosi G, Bellvert A, Amorim I R, Balázs G, Biró A, Borges P A, Brad T, Cancellario T, Cardoso P, Cresi L, Crespo L, Čukušić A, Čupić I, Delić T, Front S, García-Villarín A, Geci D, Hesselberg T, Isaia M, Kocot-Zalewska J, Kozel P, Lips J, Macías-Hernández N, Novak T, Oromi O, Pantini P, Paragamian K, Paragkamian S, Patiño-Sauma D, Pischiutta N, Pušnar Ž, Rezac M, Ribera C, Rodrigues A, Rožman T, Sivec I, Štangelj M, Tolić K, Tolve M, Zagmajster M, Pavlek M, Mammola S (2026). An open occurrence dataset for European subterranean spiders. Version 1.4. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque. 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subterranean systems, including natural subterranean lithic habitats (S1), such as caves, lava tubes, volcanic pits, fissure systems, deep scree strata, and the Milieu Souterrain Superficiel (MSS), as well as anthropogenic subterranean voids (S2) with cave-like environmental conditions, such as mines, bunkers, tunnels, culverts, and cellars.","designDescription":"The spider dataset is a comprehensive compilation of diverse data sources, created through the collaboration of 42 researchers across Europe. For each of the target species, we compiled occurrence records based on different sources, including literature, unpublished records (e.g., data stored in personal and institutional collections) as provided by each contributor in the authors list, and records mined from the main accessible databases on spiders in Europe, namely ArachnoMap (de Biurrun et al., 2022), Araneae.it (Isaia et al., 2025), the UK Spider and Harvestman Recording Scheme (https://srs.britishspiders.org.uk/), Canary Islands Biodiversity Database (Gobierno de Canarias, 2024), the Cave fauna of Greece database (Paragamian et al., 2025) and regional database on subterranean species of the Western Balkans (SubBioDB; Zagmajster, 2016).","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"This research was funded by Biodiversa+ (project ‘DarCo’), the European Biodiversity Partnership under the 2021–2022 BiodivProtect joint call for research proposals, co- funded by the European Commission (GA N°101052342) and with the funding organizations Ministry of Universities and Research (Italy), Agencia Estatal de Investigación—Fundación Biodiversidad (Spain), Fundo Regional para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal), Suomen Akatemia—Ministry of the Environment (Finland), Belgian Science Policy Office (Belgium), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft e.V. (Germany), Schweizerischer Nationalfonds (Grant No. 31BD30_209583, Switzerland), Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Austria), Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation (Slovenia), Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic (MZe RO0425, Czechia) and the Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation Funding (Romania). Additional support is provided by Biodiversa+ project 'Sub-BioMon' under the 2022-2023 BiodivMon joint call, co-funded by the European Commission (GA N°101052342) and the following funding organisations: Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation (Slovenia), The Belgian Science Policy (Belgium), Ministry of Universities and Research (Italy), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation Funding (Romania), and self-financing partner National Museum of Natural History Luxembourg (Luxembourg)."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"European countries and outermost islands of Europe (Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, and the Canary Islands).","sampling":"We gathered information on subterranean habitats where subterranean spiders have been recorded, based on literature records and unpublished data, such as records stored in personal and institutional collections, as provided by each contributing author.","qualityControl":"We standardized taxonomy to the species level when feasible, following the latest nomenclature of the World Spider Catalog (2025).","methodSteps":["The spider dataset is a comprehensive compilation of diverse data sources, created through the collaboration of 42 researchers across Europe. For each of the target species, we compiled occurrence records based on different sources, including literature, unpublished records (e.g., data stored in personal and institutional collections) as provided by each contributor in the authors list, and records mined from the main accessible databases on spiders in Europe, namely ArachnoMap (de Biurrun et al., 2022), Araneae.it (Isaia et al., 2025), the UK Spider and Harvestman Recording Scheme (https://srs.britishspiders.org.uk/), Canary Islands Biodiversity Database (Gobierno de Canarias, 2024), the Cave fauna of Greece database (Paragamian et al., 2025) and regional database on subterranean species of the Western Balkans (SubBioDB; Zagmajster, 2016)."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","pubDate":"2026-07-16T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"IRREGULAR","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":[],"modified":"2026-07-16T14:56:56.555+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":31498}}