{"key":"862de800-323d-408b-bb4a-0861449db7cb","installationKey":"d0e2b9a9-8496-4959-8cba-a7fea22537eb","publishingOrganizationKey":"a8b02799-6e2e-4084-a9e5-86c5917b75f1","doi":"10.15468/fuc35p","version":"1.1","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"SAMPLING_EVENT","title":"Survey of war-damaged and undamaged steppe steppe relevés on kurgans within the Inhulets River valley  (Kherson Region, Ukraine)","description":"\n            The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2014 and subsequent full-scale invasion of 2022 has resulted in damage to natural ecosystems across a front line stretching over 1,000km. This damage results from military activity both directly (construction of fortifications/trenches, bombardment, movement of heavy machinery, etc.) and indirectly (fire, pollution, etc.). In many areas the damage has been continuous or repeated over several years. For these reasons, the ecological damage should be considered catastrophic. Kurgans, also called barrows or burial mounds are ideal for the study of the ecological impact of military activity in Ukraine because they serve as refugia for the native steppe flora. Kurgans also provide tactically advantageous elevated positions within the flat steppe landscapes of southern Ukraine so they are commonly used as combat positions, and observation posts. There has been notable military-related damage to the kurgans along the Inhulets River valley in the Kherson region. These kurgans were altered by the excavation of trenches, bunkers, firing positions, and armoured vehicle emplacements (caponiers), in addition to wildfires and craters from shelling. Thirteen kurgans in the Inhulets River valley were visited to document species occurrences within war-damaged and undisturbed relevés using the nomenclature following &#34;Ukrainian Plant Trait Database: UkrTrait v. 1.0&#34; - (Vynokurov et al. 2024). The dataset contains 521 occurrences of 119 vascular plants recorded in 27 vegetation plots. Using statistical tests we have identified several indicator species Anisantha tectorum, Cardaria draba, Descurainia sophia, Elytrigia repens, Sisymbrium altissimum, Sisymbrium loeselii.\n        ","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Skobel N, Zhyhir I, Mozarowski S, Sikoza D, Moysiyenko I (2026). Survey of war-damaged and undamaged steppe steppe relevés on kurgans within the Inhulets River valley  (Kherson Region, Ukraine). Version 1.1. Falz-Fein Biosphere Reserve \"Askania Nova\". Sampling event dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/fuc35p accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-10-13.","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":7325060,"abbreviatedName":"Skobel N","firstName":"Nadiia","lastName":"Skobel","roles":["ORIGINATOR","METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-2881"]},{"key":7325062,"abbreviatedName":"Zhyhir I","firstName":"Ilia","lastName":"Zhyhir","roles":["METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1966-4091"]},{"key":7325063,"abbreviatedName":"Mozarowski S","firstName":"Steven","lastName":"Mozarowski","roles":["METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":[]},{"key":7325064,"abbreviatedName":"Sikoza D","firstName":"Denys","lastName":"Sikoza","roles":["METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":[]},{"key":7325065,"abbreviatedName":"Moysiyenko I","firstName":"Ivan","lastName":"Moysiyenko","roles":["METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-6392"]}],"lockedForAutoUpdate":false,"createdBy":"a8b02799-6e2e-4084-a9e5-86c5917b75f1","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-03T20:08:15.495+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.419+00:00","contacts":[{"key":7325060,"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-2881"],"firstName":"Nadiia","lastName":"Skobel","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.375+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.375+00:00"},{"key":7325061,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-2881"],"firstName":"Nadiia","lastName":"Skobel","position":[],"email":["skobel2015@gmail.com"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.377+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.377+00:00"},{"key":7325062,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1966-4091"],"firstName":"Ilia","lastName":"Zhyhir","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.379+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.379+00:00"},{"key":7325063,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Steven","lastName":"Mozarowski","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.380+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.380+00:00"},{"key":7325064,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Denys","lastName":"Sikoza","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.381+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.381+00:00"},{"key":7325065,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-6392"],"firstName":"Ivan","lastName":"Moysiyenko","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.382+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.382+00:00"},{"key":7325066,"type":"PROGRAMMER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-2881"],"firstName":"Nadiia","lastName":"Skobel","position":[],"email":["skobel2015@gmail.com"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.384+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.384+00:00"},{"key":7325067,"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-6392"],"firstName":"Ivan","lastName":"Moysiyenko","position":[],"email":["ivan.moysiyenko@gmail.com"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.385+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.385+00:00"}],"endpoints":[{"key":1319056,"type":"DWC_ARCHIVE","url":"https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/archive.do?r=kurgd","createdBy":"a8b02799-6e2e-4084-a9e5-86c5917b75f1","modifiedBy":"a8b02799-6e2e-4084-a9e5-86c5917b75f1","created":"2026-09-09T08:13:22.862+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:13:22.862+00:00","machineTags":[]},{"key":1319055,"type":"EML","url":"https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/eml.do?r=kurgd","createdBy":"a8b02799-6e2e-4084-a9e5-86c5917b75f1","modifiedBy":"a8b02799-6e2e-4084-a9e5-86c5917b75f1","created":"2026-09-09T08:13:22.819+00:00","modified":"2026-09-09T08:13:22.819+00:00","machineTags":[]}],"machineTags":[{"key":33141156,"namespace":"crawler.gbif.org","name":"crawl_attempt","value":"7","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-10-12T01:10:43.425+00:00"}],"tags":[],"identifiers":[{"key":472978,"type":"URL","identifier":"https://ukraine.ipt.gbif.no/resource?r=kurgd","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.389+00:00","primary":false},{"key":472977,"type":"UUID","identifier":"862de800-323d-408b-bb4a-0861449db7cb","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.387+00:00","primary":false}],"comments":[],"bibliographicCitations":[{"text":"Vynokurov D, Borovyk D, Chusova O, Davydova A, Davydov D, Danihelka J, Dembicz I, Iemelianova S, Kolomiiets G, Moysiyenko I, Shapoval V, Shynder O, Skobel N, Buzhdygan O, Kuzemko A (2024) Ukrainian Plant Trait Database: UkrTrait v. 1.0. Biodiversity Data Journal 12: e118128","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118128","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Kherson Regional Inspection for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments (2026). Mounds, fortresses, Sich: hostilities damage 500 archaeological sites in Kherson region. https://rubryka.com/en/2025/08/16/kurgany-fortetsi-sichi-na-hersonshhyni-cherez-bojovi-diyi-poshkodzheni-piv-tysyachi-arheologichnyh-pam-yatok/","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"coverages":[{"scientificName":"Plantae","rank":{"verbatim":"kingdom","interpreted":"KINGDOM"}},{"scientificName":"Tracheophyta","rank":{"verbatim":"phylum","interpreted":"PHYLUM"}},{"scientificName":"Magnoliopsida","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"Liliopsida","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"Inhulets Valley river, Kherson Region, southern Ukraine","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":46.815,"maxLatitude":47.916,"minLongitude":32.498,"maxLongitude":33.662,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2026-06-26T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2026-06-26T00:00:00.000+00:00"},{"@type":"range","start":"2026-07-16T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2026-07-16T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Samplingevent; kurgans; war"]}],"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"The search  of damaged kurgans were carried out using materials from the Regional Inspection for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments (Regional Inspection, 2026). Field surveys were conducted in May 2026 across the de-occupied territory of the Kherson region, where 13 kurgans were surveyed. On each mound, two 10 m² plots were established: one on the undisturbed steppe habitat as a control, and one within the damaged habitat (trenches, dugouts, caponiers, explosion craters, heavy machinery tracks, etc.), alongside total disturbed area measurements (26 relevés in total). Complete vascular plant species composition was recorded for all sampling plots. For each plot, several environmental and structural parameters were recorded: cover of vegetation layers slope, aspect, inclination.","sampling":"The dataset contains co-occurrences of vascular plants. The study area is situated in the Right-Bank of Dnipro Grass Steppe District is in Northern Black Sea Region. The territory includes parts of Kherson, administrative Region. This area is situated in the south-western part of the Steppe Zone of Ukraine in one geobotanical zone using the national classification system namely fescue-feather grass steppes (or bunch-grass/grass steppes).","qualityControl":"Some of the vascular plants encountered were collected and processed into herbarium specimens to determine species and verify identifications after the fieldwork. Measurements of the herbarium specimens were collected and digitized. Taxonomic information was then standardized according to the nomenclature published in “Ukrainian Plant Trait Database: UkrTrait v. 1.0” (Vynokurov et al. 2024). We then used GBIF Backbone Taxonomy (GBIF species matching tool: https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup) to verify taxonomic accuracy and implement minor corrections of species names (misprints, problematic taxa, etc.). Additionally, we verified the header data of vegetation plots (Event Core and EBIF Extension, Occurrence Extension) using OpenRefine (https://openrefine.org/) and QGIS 3.38 (https://qgis.org) for accuracy.","methodSteps":["Site selection, field research.","Identification of herbarium specimens of vascular plants.","Digitizing the field data forms.","Data checking and cleaning.","Transformation of the dataset according to the Darwin Core standards.","Taxonomic check, final quality control."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","acknowledgements":"<p>Investigation supported Ukrainian Nature Conservation Group with the support of the Goethe-Institut Ukraine, part of the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Ukraine, the program-targeted of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 0125U000701 (\"Development and use of methodologies and algorithms for assessing the impact of military actions on the phytodiversity of natural ecosystems in Ukraine to determine their losses, restorative and adaptive potential\"). N.S. supported by German Federal Environmental Foundation funding under the Ukraine funding initiative: “Biodiversity ar risk: The protection of cultural herritage sites in Ukrainian Polissia”. I.M. supported by Ukrainian Future Leaders.</p>","pubDate":"2026-09-09T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"UNKNOWN","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event","extensions":["http://rs.gbif.org/terms/1.0/Releve","http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence"],"modified":"2026-09-09T08:16:28.312+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":500}}