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        <title>Italian rotifer records</title>
        <creator>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Vittoria</givenName>
                <surName>Ferrari</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita</organizationName>
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                <city>Modena</city>
                <administrativeArea>Emilia-Romagna</administrativeArea>
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                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <surName>Gualdi</surName>
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            <organizationName>Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita</organizationName>
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                <deliveryPoint>Via Giuseppe Campi 287</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Modena</city>
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                <country>ITALY</country>
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        <creator>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Isabella</givenName>
                <surName>Bertani</surName>
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            <organizationName>University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science</organizationName>
            <positionName>Assistant Research Scientist</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>1750 Forest Drive</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Annapolis</city>
                <administrativeArea>MD</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>21401</postalCode>
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                <givenName>Diego</givenName>
                <surName>Fontaneto</surName>
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            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA); National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
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                <city>Verbania</city>
                <administrativeArea>Verbano-Cusio-Ossola</administrativeArea>
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                <administrativeArea>Verbano-Cusio-Ossola</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <givenName>Karimullah</givenName>
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                <givenName>Federico</givenName>
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            <organizationName>Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
            <positionName>Associate Professor</positionName>
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                <city>Palermo</city>
                <administrativeArea>Palermo</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>90123</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <givenName>Ulrike</givenName>
                <surName>Obertegger</surName>
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            <organizationName>Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Research and Innovation Centre, Research Group Hydrobiology</organizationName>
            <positionName>Researcher</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Via E. Mach 2</deliveryPoint>
                <city>San Michele all&apos;Adige</city>
                <administrativeArea>TN</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>38010</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <surName>Rossetti</surName>
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            <organizationName>Università degli Studi di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale</organizationName>
            <positionName>Professor</positionName>
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                <deliveryPoint>Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Parma</city>
                <administrativeArea>Emilia-Romagna</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>43124</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <givenName>Rocco</givenName>
                <surName>Tiberti</surName>
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            <organizationName>Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell’Ambiente</organizationName>
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                <city>Pavia</city>
                <administrativeArea>Lombardia</administrativeArea>
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                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <administrativeArea>Verbano-Cusio-Ossola</administrativeArea>
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                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <givenName>Diego</givenName>
                <surName>Fontaneto</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA); National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
            <positionName>Researcher</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Largo Vittorio Tonolli 50 CNR-IRSA</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Verbania</city>
                <administrativeArea>Verbano-Cusio-Ossola</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
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                <givenName>Lyudmila</givenName>
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            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA); National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
            <positionName>Researcher</positionName>
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                <deliveryPoint>Largo Vittorio Tonolli 50 CNR-IRSA</deliveryPoint>
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                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
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                <givenName>Tommaso</givenName>
                <surName>Cancellario</surName>
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                <givenName>Lyudmila</givenName>
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            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA); National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
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                <administrativeArea>Verbania</administrativeArea>
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            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA); National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
            <positionName>Researcher</positionName>
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                <deliveryPoint>Largo Vittorio Tonolli 50 CNR-IRSA</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Verbania</city>
                <administrativeArea>Verbania</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
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            <individualName>
                <givenName>Tommaso</givenName>
                <surName>Cancellario</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA)</organizationName>
            <positionName>PostDoc</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Largo Vittorio Tonolli 50 CNR-IRSA</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Verbania</city>
                <administrativeArea>Verbano-Cusio-Ossola</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
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        <pubDate>
                2023-02-26
        </pubDate>
        <language>ENGLISH</language>
        <abstract>
            <para>The dataset of known rotifer records in Italy was built based on 332 published papers, spanning the period from 1838 to 2022. The detailed literature search increased to 584 the number of known rotifer taxa at species and subspecies rank reported in previous reviews, which were 245 in 1995 (Braioni &amp; Ricci, 1995) and 483 in 2022 (Fontaneto et al., 2022). The dataset included 271 published papers with georeferenced coordinates.</para>
<para>The dataset was structured based on the Darwin Core Standard (Wieczorek et al., 2012), with each row containing a record of a rotifer taxon from a sample from Italy, as cited in the literature. The column &amp;#34;ScientificName&amp;#34; could report different names compared to the original reference due to review of taxonomic information.</para>
<para>This dataset includes 12,015 occurrence records with georeferenced coordinates. A total of 9,604 records belong to 493 taxa at valid species and subspecies genus level, 668 records belong to 18 species groups (e.g., Synchaeta gr. tremula-oblonga, Trichocerca gr. similis-birostris), 1674 records belong to 53 taxa at genus level, and 69 records belong to 6 families. Of 11,347 records belonging to valid names, 674 (5.94 %) are Bdelloidea, 70 are Collothecacea (0,62 %), 1016 are Flosculariaceae (8,95 %),  9586 (84,48 % ) are Ploima, and just 1 record of Seisonacea.</para>
        </abstract>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Checklist; Italy; Occurrence; Rotifers</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <intellectualRights>
            <para>This work is licensed under a <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
        </intellectualRights>
        <licensed>
            <licenseName>Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</licenseName>
            <url>https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html</url>
            <identifier>CC-BY-4.0</identifier>
        </licensed>
        <distribution scope="document">
            <online>
                <url function="information">https://osf.io/vt7gq/</url>
            </online>
        </distribution>
        <distribution scope="document">
            <online>
                <url function="download">https://cloud.gbif.org/eca/archive.do?r=italian_rotifer_records</url>
            </online>
        </distribution>
        <coverage>
            <geographicCoverage>
                <geographicDescription>Sites are distributed along the Italian peninsula. 
The column &quot;stateProvance&quot; reports Italian administrative regions for each record.</geographicDescription>
                <boundingCoordinates>
                    <westBoundingCoordinate>6.62</westBoundingCoordinate>
                    <eastBoundingCoordinate>18.52</eastBoundingCoordinate>
                    <northBoundingCoordinate>47.09</northBoundingCoordinate>
                    <southBoundingCoordinate>35.49</southBoundingCoordinate>
                </boundingCoordinates>
            </geographicCoverage>
            <temporalCoverage>
                <rangeOfDates>
                    <beginDate>
                        <calendarDate>                1838-01-01
</calendarDate>
                    </beginDate>
                    <endDate>
                        <calendarDate>                2022-10-15
</calendarDate>
                    </endDate>
                </rangeOfDates>
            </temporalCoverage>
            <taxonomicCoverage>
                <generalTaxonomicCoverage>The dataset covers only organisms of the Phylum Rotifera in its traditional meaning, with the exclusion of Acanthocephala (Fontaneto &amp; De Smet, 2015). Data from subspecies to species, genus, and family rank were included in the dataset, whereas records mentioning only higher ranks, e.g. Ploima, Bdelloidea, Monogononta, and Rotifera were excluded. &lt;br&gt;
A total of 9,604 records belong to 493 taxa at valid species level, and subspecies level, 668 records belong to 18 species groups, 1674 records belong to 53 taxa at genus level, and 69 records belong to 6 families. Of the 11,347 records belonging to valid names, 674 are Bdelloidea, 70 are Collothecacea, 1016 are Flosculariaceae,  9586 are Ploima, and just 1 record of Seisonacea. &lt;br&gt;
Taxon specialists: Isabella Bertani, Diego Fontaneto, Ulrike Obertegger, Giampaolo Rossetti.</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>Phylum</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Rotifera</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>Order</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Bdelloidea</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>Order</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Collothecacea</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>Order</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Flosculariaceae</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>Order</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Ploima</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>Order</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Seisonacea</taxonRankValue>
                </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicCoverage>
        </coverage>
        <maintenance>
            <description>
                <para></para>
            </description>
            <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>irregular</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
        </maintenance>
        <contact>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Tommaso</givenName>
                <surName>Cancellario</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA)</organizationName>
            <positionName>PostDoc</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Largo Vittorio Tonolli 50 CNR-IRSA</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Verbania</city>
                <administrativeArea>Verbano-Cusio-Ossola</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>tommaso.cancellario@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tommaso-Cancellario</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0002-6637-4764</userId>
        </contact>
        <contact>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Diego</givenName>
                <surName>Fontaneto</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA); National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
            <positionName>Reseracher</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Largo Vittorio Tonolli 50 CNR-IRSA</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Verbania</city>
                <administrativeArea>Verbano-Cusio-Ossola</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>diego.fontaneto@cnr.it</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>http://meg.irsa.cnr.it/index.php/people/researchers/diego-fontaneto</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0002-5770-0353</userId>
        </contact>
        <contact>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Lyudmila</givenName>
                <surName>Kamburska</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA); National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC)</organizationName>
            <positionName>Researcher</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Largo Vittorio Tonolli 50 CNR-IRSA</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Verbania</city>
                <administrativeArea>Verbania</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>28922</postalCode>
                <country>ITALY</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>lyudmila.kamburska@irsa.cnr.it</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lyudmila_Kamburska</onlineUrl>
            <userId directory="https://orcid.org/">0000-0001-5071-6953</userId>
        </contact>
        <methods>
            <methodStep>
                <description>
                    <para>Only published records are included in the data set. A search through the literature was performed till 15th October 2022. All names reported in the published literature were included and reported in the column ‘originalName’. Given the continuous changes in biological nomenclature (Thomson et al., 2018), all scientific names published before the year 2000 were updated to the currently accepted nomenclature, following the Rotifer List of Available Names, LAN (Segers et al., 2012).  In contrast, no update was performed for all scientific names published after the year 2000, following the nomenclature of the Rotifer World Catalog (Jersabek &amp; Leitner, 2013). All valid names were updated in the column ‘acceptedName’ for taxa at species, genus, and family level. All species inquirenda were reported as such and not included in the records uploaded to GBIF. The rotifer LAN stabilised nomenclature by performing a revision of names with synonyms and delimitation of genera. All names were also checked against the backbone of GBIF. The dataset in GBIF uses only the updated nomenclature, with no mention of the original names reported in the published literature.</para>
                </description>
            </methodStep>
            <sampling>
                <studyExtent>
                    <description>
                        <para>Geographic coverage: The dataset covers three European biogeographical regions: Alpine, Continental, and Mediterranean within the Palearctic realm, according to the definitions of the European Environmental Agency (2017); Country: Italy.&lt;br&gt;
Temporal coverage: The present dataset includes all the records of rotifers published in the literature between 1838 and October 2022.</para>
                    </description>
                </studyExtent>
                <samplingDescription>
                    <para>The information on occurrence records of rotifer species at each site comes from published scientific papers, as well as grey literature such as theses and notes in technical reports from local authorities.&lt;br&gt;
All relevant literature was obtained first by searching through search engines (Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science) with combinations of keywords to identify the target organisms, such as rotifer* or rotatoria or monogonont* or bdelloid* or seison*, and geographic targets, such as ital* or the names of all Italian regions.&lt;br&gt;
Additional references were searched through the grey literature with online searches outside of the three academic databases. All the literature found was screened for records, and the additional references cited in them were searched and screened too.</para>
                </samplingDescription>
            </sampling>
            <qualityControl>
                <description>
                    <para>Quality control for geographic data: We checked that the georeferenced records and the published localities in the papers indeed matched the geographical units used for the checklist. Reliability of coordinates was checked in Google maps to identify the correctness of sites. Geographic coordinate format, coordinates within country/provincial boundaries, and the absence of anomalous ASCII characters in the dataset were also double checked.&lt;br&gt;
Quality control for literature data: The search for additional literature was considered completed when no new references could be found in the reference list of the screened papers.&lt;br&gt;
Quality control for taxonomic data: Nomenclature validation and cleaning were based on the rotifer List of Available Names, LAN (Segers et al., 2012) for accepted species and genus names, on the Rotifer World Catalogue (Jersabek &amp; Leitner, 2013), and on the taxonomic backbone of GBIF.</para>
                </description>
            </qualityControl>
        </methods>

    </dataset>

    <additionalMetadata>
        <metadata>
            <gbif>
                <dateStamp>2026-03-16T18:44:15Z</dateStamp>
                <citation>Ferrari V, Gualdi A, Bertani I, Fontaneto D, Kamburska L, Karimullah K, Marrone F, Obertegger U, Rossetti G, Tiberti R, Cancellario T (2023). Italian rotifer records. Version 1.12. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/g55n4z accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-03-16.</citation>
                <bibliography>
                <citation>Braioni MG, Ricci C, 1995 - Rotifera. In: Minelli A., S. Ruffo &amp; S. La Posta (eds), Checklist delle specie della
fauna italiana, 8. Calderini, Bologna: 1-11.</citation>
                <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.21426/B637156807">Fontaneto D, Bertani I, Cancellario T, Rossetti G, Obertegger U, 2022. The new checklist of the Italian Fauna: Rotifera. Biogeographia – The Journal of Integrative Biogeography, 37(1), ucl004.</citation>
                <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029715">Wieczorek J, Bloom D, Guralnick R, Blum S, Döring M, Giovanni R, Robertson T, Vieglais D, 2012. Darwin Core: an evolving community-developed biodiversity data standard. PloS one, 7(1), e29715.</citation>
                <citation>Fontaneto D, De Smet WH, 2015. Rotifera, Chapter 4. In: Schmidt-Rhaesa A. (ed.), Handbook of Zoology, Gastrotricha, Cycloneuralia and Gnathifera. Volume 3, Gastrotricha and Gnathifera. De Gruyter GmbH, Berlin, pp. 217-300.</citation>
                <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3179.1.3">Segers H, De Smet WH, Fischer C, Fontaneto D, Michaloudi E, Wallace RL, Jersabek CD, 2012. Towards a list of available names in zoology, partim Phylum Rotifera. Zootaxa, 3179(1), 61-68.</citation>
                <citation identifier="http://www.rotifera.hausdernatur.at/">Jersabek CD, Leitner MF, 2013. The rotifer world catalogue. World Wide Web electronic publication.</citation>
                <citation identifier="3431629fe50049a7b995d125aad9c71d ">European Environmental Agency, 2017. Biogeographical regions in Europe. European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity (ETC/BD).</citation>
                <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005075">Thomson SA, Pyle RL, Ahyong ST, Alonso-Zarazaga M, Ammirati J, Araya JF, ... &amp; Zhou H-Z, 2018. Taxonomy based on science is necessary for global conservation. PLoS Biology, 16(3), e2005075.</citation>
                </bibliography>
            </gbif>
        </metadata>
    </additionalMetadata>
    </eml:eml>
