The data contain occurrence records of trees (individuals >30 cm girth at breast height) sampled from vegetation plots in 12 shade coffee plantation estates and two sites within the Muthodi forests of Bhadra Tiger Reserve, Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, India, between January and May 2006. At each of the 14 sites, trees were sampled in circular plots of 10 m radius placed at each point-count station (10–12 per site); at four coffee estates, trees were additionally measured in 7–13 point-centred quarters. Each tree individual was identified to the highest taxonomic level possible using standard references for the Western Ghats flora.
The data correspond to the vegetation component of the following publication: Anand, M. O., Krishnaswamy, J., and Das, A. (2008). Proximity to forests drives bird conservation value of coffee plantations: implications for certification. Ecological Applications, 18(7), 1754–1763. https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1839.1
","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Osuri A M (2026). Tree occurrence in shade coffee plantations and forests of Chikmagalur District, Western Ghats, India (2005-06). Nature Conservation Foundation. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/hcm6g6 accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-10-14.","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":7039646,"abbreviatedName":"Osuri A M","firstName":"Anand M.","lastName":"Osuri","roles":["ORIGINATOR","METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5633"]}],"lockedForAutoUpdate":false,"createdBy":"038a1133-81e2-42e8-a4dd-b5ac246eb082","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-06-09T12:38:01.322+00:00","modified":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.048+00:00","contacts":[{"key":7039646,"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5633"],"firstName":"Anand M.","lastName":"Osuri","position":["Scientist"],"email":["aosuri@ncf-india.org"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Nature Conservation Foundation","address":["1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage"],"city":"Mysuru","province":"Karnataka","country":"IN","postalCode":"570017","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.004+00:00","modified":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.004+00:00"},{"key":7039647,"type":"METADATA_AUTHOR","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5633"],"firstName":"Anand M.","lastName":"Osuri","position":["Scientist"],"email":["aosuri@ncf-india.org"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Nature Conservation Foundation","address":["1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage"],"city":"Mysuru","province":"Karnataka","country":"IN","postalCode":"570017","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.006+00:00","modified":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.006+00:00"},{"key":7039648,"type":"AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5633"],"firstName":"Anand M.","lastName":"Osuri","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Nature Conservation Foundation","address":[],"city":"Mysore","province":"Karnataka","country":"IN","postalCode":"570017","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.007+00:00","modified":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.007+00:00"},{"key":7039649,"type":"AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3103-5957"],"firstName":"Arundhati","lastName":"Das","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Azim Premji University","address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.008+00:00","modified":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.008+00:00"},{"key":7039650,"type":"AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-0005"],"firstName":"Jagdish","lastName":"Krishnaswamy","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Indian Institute of Human Settlements","address":[],"createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.008+00:00","modified":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.008+00:00"},{"key":7039651,"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":true,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5633"],"firstName":"Anand M.","lastName":"Osuri","position":["Scientist"],"email":["aosuri@ncf-india.org"],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"organization":"Nature Conservation Foundation","address":["1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage"],"city":"Mysuru","province":"Karnataka","country":"IN","postalCode":"570017","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.009+00:00","modified":"2026-06-09T12:39:02.009+00:00"},{"key":7039652,"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953"],"firstName":"T. 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O., Krishnaswamy, J., and Das, A. (2008). Proximity to forests drives bird conservation value of coffee plantations: implications for certification. Ecological Applications, 18(7), 1754–1763.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1839.1","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"description":"N/A","coverages":[{"scientificName":"Malvales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Liliopsida","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"Santalales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Rubiaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Lamiaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Malvaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Fabaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Myrtaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Lamiales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Proteaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Tracheophyta","rank":{"verbatim":"phylum","interpreted":"PHYLUM"}},{"scientificName":"Rhamnaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Lauraceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Cervantesiaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Proteales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Moraceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Sapindaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Meliaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Magnoliaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Plantae","rank":{"verbatim":"kingdom","interpreted":"KINGDOM"}},{"scientificName":"Lythraceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Arecales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Rutaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Ericales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Rosales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Fabales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Arecaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Combretaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Magnoliopsida","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"Bignoniaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Sapotaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Apocynaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Sapindales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Gentianales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Laurales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Magnoliales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Malpighiales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Phyllanthaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Myrtales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Anacardiaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Euphorbiaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"Study Area: Shade coffee plantation estates and Muthodi forests of Bhadra Tiger Reserve, Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, India.\nThe study was conducted in the foothills of the Bababudan Hills, Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, in the central Western Ghats. Twelve private shade coffee estates and two sites within the Muthodi forests of Bhadra Tiger Reserve were sampled.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":13.22647,"maxLatitude":13.5264,"minLongitude":75.56369,"maxLongitude":75.74245,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2006-01-14T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2006-05-11T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["samplingEvent","occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"n/a","keywords":["Chikmagalur","Bhadra Tiger Reserve","Karnataka","coffee plantation","vegetation plot","Plantae","vegetation","point-centred quarter","Western Ghats","trees","shade coffee plantation","Bababudan Hills"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Birds and Vegetation of Shade Coffee Plantations in Chikmagalur, Central Western Ghats, India","identifier":"ncf-chikmagalur-coffee","contacts":[{"type":"AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5633"],"firstName":"Anand M.","lastName":"Osuri","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"USER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-0005"],"firstName":"Jagdish","lastName":"Krishnaswamy","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"USER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3103-5957"],"firstName":"Arundhati","lastName":"Das","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"Financial assistance from the Wildlife Conservation Society–India Program\nLogistical support from the Centre for Wildlife Studies and National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore","awards":[],"relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"This project examined how local-scale habitat properties and landscape-scale factors influence bird species richness and abundance in shade coffee plantations of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. Fieldwork was conducted at 12 shade coffee plantation estates and two forest sites in Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, between December 2005 and May 2006. The study was carried out as part of an MSc thesis at the National Centre for Biological Sciences and the Centre for Wildlife Studies, and resulted in the publication Anand et al. (2008)."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"Vegetation was sampled at each of 14 sites (12 shade coffee plantation estates and two sites within Muthodi forests of Bhadra Tiger Reserve) in the Bababudan Hills, Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, India. Each site had 10–12 vegetation plots placed at point-count stations. At four coffee estates, trees were additionally sampled using 7–13 point-centred quarters.","sampling":"At each vegetation plot, all trees >30 cm girth at breast height (GBH) within a circular plot of 10 m radius were identified to the highest taxonomic level possible and their girth measured or estimated. In four coffee estates, trees were also sampled using point-centred quarters. Identifications were made by direct observation and examination of field-collected material using standard references for the Western Ghats flora (Gamble and Fischer 1935; Pascal and Ramesh 1997).","qualityControl":"Verbatim field identifications were reconciled with accepted scientific names via GBIF taxonomic backbone (gbif_tree_ID field in the source data). Approximate girth values (preceded by '~' in field records) were retained with original notation in occurrence remarks. Geographic coordinates of vegetation plots at each of the 14 sites is the centroid of various point-count stations at each site. The coordinate uncertainty is distance between the centroid and the further point-count station within a station (mean: 342m, range: 267-448m)","methodSteps":["Methods are as described in Anand, M. O., Krishnaswamy, J., and Das, A. (2008). Proximity to forests drives bird conservation value of coffee plantations: implications for certification. Ecological Applications, 18(7), 1754–1763. https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1839.1"]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[{"name":"Birds and Vegetation of Shade Coffee Plantations in Chikmagalur, Central Western Ghats, India","charset":"UTF-8","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20603878","format":"CSV, text","formatVersion":"1.0"}],"dataLanguage":"eng","acknowledgements":"These data were collected as part of the final year dissertation for the Post-graduate Program in Wildlife Biology and Conservation, Centre for Wildlife Studies (CWS), Bangalore. We are grateful to the Wildlife Conservation Society–India Program for financial assistance and CWS and National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, for logistical support. We thank the Karnataka State Forest Department for permissions and cooperation during fieldwork within the Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary. T. R. Shankar Raman and A. Kumar provided insights during study design, implementation, analysis, and in preparation of this manuscript. H. Sridhar provided comments that helped improve upon earlier drafts of the manuscript. R. Raghunath of the Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore and M. C. Kiran and the Eco-informatics Centre at Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and Environment, Bangalore, helped with the procurement and analysis of satellite imagery and in the preparation of the maps. We are grateful to A. Bali and J. Dolia for assistance during fieldwork. We thank D. V. Girish, A. Jesudasan, and N. S. Kumar for logistical support during fieldwork, as well as all the coffee planters who extended support and cooperation.
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