{"key":"94f2fd08-7e29-4cff-b3d6-505ed0b39a4b","installationKey":"7092f0d0-91a2-4734-8dc7-3e688df82d04","publishingOrganizationKey":"1d594620-2249-4532-ad9e-1b06f3a988d2","doi":"10.15468/cxrnd6","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"OCCURRENCE","subtype":"OBSERVATION","title":"Carbon stocks of above- and belowground tree biomass in Kibate Forest around Wonchi Crater Lake, Central Highland of Ethiopia","description":"\n            The dataset represents the status of Carbon stocks of tree biomass using an allometric equation in Kibate Forest (Ethiopia). Sixty-six plots (30m X 30m) were laid out at 100m interval distance along altitudinal gradients in five transects. Environmental variables, tree biomass, and C stock (Aboveground biomass, Belowground biomass, Total biomass, Aboveground C stock, Belowground C stock, Total Carbon stock, Human impact, and Livestock grazing) within 66 plots in Kibate Forest were assessed. A total of 125 species were recorded in Kibate Forest, out of which 20 species were tree forms. The list of species is published in another dataset which was done in Kibate Forest. Four species with large-sized individual tree contributed to more than half of the total stem density (57.8%). Eleven woody species (J. procera, N. congesta, I. mitis var. mitis, O. europaea subsp cuspidata, M. salicifolia, A. salicifolia, H. abyssinica, B. polystachya, M. melanophloeos, E. arborea, and O. rochetiana) contributed the highest to BA, stem density, and C stock in Kibate Forest. The C-stock distribution varied between plots related to the abundance of large trunk tree distribution mainly due to anthropogenic pressure. \n        ","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Meragiaw M (2025). Carbon stocks of above- and belowground tree biomass in Kibate Forest around Wonchi Crater Lake, Central Highland of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa University. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/cxrnd6 accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-10-12.","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":6831734,"abbreviatedName":"Meragiaw M","firstName":"Misganaw","lastName":"Meragiaw","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":[]}],"lockedForAutoUpdate":false,"createdBy":"1d594620-2249-4532-ad9e-1b06f3a988d2","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2025-12-31T11:29:41.811+00:00","modified":"2025-12-31T11:30:42.554+00:00","contacts":[{"key":6831734,"type":"ORIGINATOR","primary":true,"userId":[],"firstName":"Misganaw","lastName":"Meragiaw","position":[],"email":["misganme@gmail.com"],"phone":["+251912848164"],"homepage":[],"organization":"Addis Ababa University","address":[],"city":"Addis Ababa","country":"ET","postalCode":"3434","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2025-12-31T11:30:42.534+00:00","modified":"2025-12-31T11:30:42.534+00:00"},{"key":6831735,"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":true,"userId":[],"firstName":"Hanny Lidetu","lastName":"Solomon","position":["Data Steward"],"email":["hanny.lidetu@aau.edu.et"],"phone":["+251991433277"],"homepage":[],"organization":"Addis Ababa University","address":[],"city":"Addis Ababa","country":"ET","postalCode":"3434","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","modifiedBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2025-12-31T11:30:42.537+00:00","modified":"2025-12-31T11:30:42.537+00:00"}],"endpoints":[{"key":1230329,"type":"DWC_ARCHIVE","url":"https://cloud.gbif.org/africa/archive.do?r=carbon_stock","createdBy":"1d594620-2249-4532-ad9e-1b06f3a988d2","modifiedBy":"1d594620-2249-4532-ad9e-1b06f3a988d2","created":"2025-12-31T11:29:41.976+00:00","modified":"2025-12-31T11:29:41.976+00:00","machineTags":[]},{"key":1230328,"type":"EML","url":"https://cloud.gbif.org/africa/eml.do?r=carbon_stock","createdBy":"1d594620-2249-4532-ad9e-1b06f3a988d2","modifiedBy":"1d594620-2249-4532-ad9e-1b06f3a988d2","created":"2025-12-31T11:29:41.946+00:00","modified":"2025-12-31T11:29:41.946+00:00","machineTags":[]}],"machineTags":[{"key":33143053,"namespace":"crawler.gbif.org","name":"crawl_attempt","value":"36","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2026-10-12T02:32:40.472+00:00"}],"tags":[],"identifiers":[{"key":461563,"type":"URL","identifier":"https://cloud.gbif.org/africa/resource?r=carbon_stock","createdBy":"crawler.gbif.org","created":"2025-12-31T11:30:42.539+00:00","primary":false}],"comments":[],"bibliographicCitations":[{"text":"Hadera G. A Study on the ecology and management of the dessa forest in the northeastern escarpment of Ethiopia. M.Sc. Thesis, Addis Ababa University; 2000.","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"MacDicken K. A guide to monitoring carbon storage in forestry and agroforestry projects. Arlington: Win-rock International; 1997.","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Walker SM, Pearson TRH, Casarim FM, Harris N, Petrova S, Grais A, et al. Standard operating procedures for terrestrial carbon measurement: Version 2012. Arlington: Win-rock International; 2012.","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"The present study was carried out in Kibate Forest around Wonchi Crater Lake, Southwest Shewa Zone of the Central Highland of Ethiopia with the geographical coordinates of 8.775 to 8.793˚N and 37.865 to 37.905˚E. Kibate Forest covers 450 ha with altitudinal ranges between 2800 and 3387 m a.s.l. The vegetation type of the study area is a typical dry evergreen montane forest. Rapid forest degradation due to the expansion of farmland to steep and marginal areas in the district could have contributed to high C emissions and soil degradation since effective C management practices have not been applied in the area.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":-90.0,"maxLatitude":90.0,"minLongitude":-180.0,"maxLongitude":180.0,"globalCoverage":true}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2017-12-01T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2018-01-01T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Building capacity within biodiversity data between Ethiopia and GBIF nodes in Sweden and Finland","identifier":"CESP2024-013","contacts":[{"type":"POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Veronika","lastName":"Johansson","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"awards":[],"relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"Biodiversity is crucial for maintaining a healthy environment, ensuring food security, and building resilience, especially in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Rich in biodiversity and traditional farming systems, Ethiopia hosts the Eastern Afromontane biodiversity hotspot as well as the Horn of Africa biodiversity hotspot, which are critical for the Arabica coffee wild gene pool, but one of the least developed globally. Conserving biodiversity in Ethiopia requires robust evidence, skills, and policies, and quality data production and effective mobilization to data aggregators like GBIF are essential.\n\nThe biodiversity data in Ethiopia is available in fragmented forms across various institutions, limiting access, especially for policymakers and practitioners. This bottleneck is largely due to the need for skills in developing and managing databases and making data available in an integrated manner at national, regional, and global scales. In addition, there is a shortage of analytical skills in producing quality scientific data and knowledge.\n\nThis project aims to extend the work initiated in 2017 by the EU-funded GBIF Biodiversity Information for Development project BIDERSE and to address challenges by providing capacity-building training and knowledge transfer, enabling stakeholders to mobilize, manage, and use data according to global best practices. The key stakeholders identified for establishing a national biodiversity platform will act as a basis for this initiative."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"The study was carried out in Kibate Forest from December 2017 to January 2018. Kibate Forest is located around Wonchi Crater Lake in Southwest Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.","sampling":"Five transects were laid out along the three streams, the edge of Wonchi Crater Lake, and along the road track inside the forest. The sample collection was begun at the foot of the forest up to the end of each transect in the hill slope to cover both anthropogenic and physical environmental factors. Using ArcGIS Version 10.5 and GARMIN GPS 72, the altitudinal ranges were partitioned into three classes with an elevation of 100 m a.s.l. interval. All live vascular plant species within the main plots and subplots were recorded with geographic coordinates using GPS and local and scientific names in the field whenever possible. The plant specimens were collected, pressed, and brought to the National Herbarium of Ethiopia (ETH) with preliminary information. Further determination of the species was conducted using taxonomic keys of different volumes of Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Finally, voucher specimens were deposited at the ETH, Addis Ababa University.\n\nThe vegetation composition in Kibate Forest varied with a dominant canopy cover of plant species along the altitudinal gradients. Sixty-six plots of 30 × 30 m (900 m2) were therefore established along the five transects with 100 m intervals to include all canopy cover types. Five subplots of 1 × 1 m (four at the corners and one at the center) were nested within each main plot for the sampling of herbaceous species because herbaceous species appear to be related to TC stock. Trees on the border were considered whenever more than 50% of their crown\ncover falls within the main plot (900 m2). Trees with their trunks inside the sampling plot and branches outside were included. For trees of unusual shape, a standard forestry practice was adopted following MacDicken, 1997. \n\nAccordingly, when the tree branched at breast height or below, the diameter was measured separately for the branches and averaged, whereas, for buttressed tree trunks, diameter measurements were performed to the point just above the buttress. When conditions such as difficult topography and crown structure did not allow using\ninstruments, we reverted to visual estimation to measure the height of tree species. The trunk DBH at 1.3 m height from the ground and height of individual trees with DBH ≥ 2.5 cm and a height of ≥ 2.5 m were measured at each sampling plot using diameter tape and clinometer, starting from the edge and working inward, and marking each woody species to avoid repetition. The scaling factor (SF) was used to convert the field measurements of the AGB tree to ha following Walker et al. 2012.\n\nBoth physical and anthropogenic factors such as altitude, slope, aspect, human disturbance, and overgrazing by livestock were considered in the sampling procedure. The distributions of AGC and BGC stocks along the three classes of altitude gradients (about 2800–3100 m a.s.l.) were analyzed. Environmental disturbances such as overgrazing by livestock and human disturbances (cutting trees for firewood, charcoal production, and burning of the vegetation for expansion of agricultural land) were noted. The status of negative human interference was coded using the etic approach following Hadera, 2000.","methodSteps":["Sixty–six plots (30×30 m) were laid out at 100 m interval distance along the altitudinal gradients in five transects."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[{"name":"Carbon stocks of above- and belowground tree biomass in Kibate Forest around Wonchi Crater Lake, Central Highland of Ethiopia","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254231","format":"Research Article"}],"dataLanguage":"eng","pubDate":"2025-08-02T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"UNKNOWN","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":["http://rs.iobis.org/obis/terms/ExtendedMeasurementOrFact"],"modified":"2026-07-09T23:50:41.868+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":66}}