{"key":"9aa6ca9f-1596-47bd-a51e-ffc8b3986da1","installationKey":"06d75b22-fc7a-42ff-a14f-65a25cd0f3ab","publishingOrganizationKey":"0a80feca-b411-428a-a34e-c5c2fa07cdba","doi":"10.15468/h2p6qk","version":"1.8","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"SAMPLING_EVENT","subtype":"OBSERVATION","shortName":"CharacteristicsNests_CoryShearwater_2025","title":"Characteristics of occupied nests Cory’s shearwater Calonectris borealis (Cory, 1881) in the Central Group of islands, Azores, during the breeding season 2025","description":"\n            The Azores archipelago is a critical global region for seabird conservation, hosting approximately 75% of the world&#39;s breeding population of Cory’s shearwater (Calonectris borealis). Despite its ecological importance, there remains a lack of high-resolution, standardized data regarding the characterization of their breeding habitats, which are increasingly threatened by habitat degradation, invasive predators, and climate change. This data set addresses this knowledge gap by presenting a comprehensive data package characterizing 421 active nests across 11 colonies on four islands of the Central Group: Faial, Graciosa, Pico, and Terceira. The sampling was conducted between 30 April and 10 October of 2025. The dataset is organized into two primary components: 1) a physical characterization involving numerical variables (such as nest depth, entrance dimensions, internal width, altitude, slope, and proximity to the sea and to human infrastructure) as well as categorical variables (such as the type of nests, the substrate found inside the nest and obstacles in front of the nest entrance); and 2) a detailed vegetation survey conducted at each nest using the Braun-Blanquet method. In total, the data package consists of 5,812 individual records characterizing nest architecture and local topography, alongside 1,377 records of vascular plant species. A total of 97 vascular plant species were identified across the studied colonies. This standardized dataset aims to improve the understanding of nesting site characterization and habitat features to better protect the species under future climate scenarios.\n        ","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Parmentier L M, Vedovelli A, Petrone A, Coelho R M, Cuesta García M, Oyarzabal G, Neves V, Borges P A V (2026). Characteristics of occupied nests Cory’s shearwater Calonectris borealis (Cory, 1881) in the Central Group of islands, Azores, during the breeding season 2025. Version 1.8. Universidade dos Açores. Sampling event dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/h2p6qk accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-10-12.","citationProvidedBySource":false},"contactsCitation":[{"key":7102874,"abbreviatedName":"Parmentier L M","firstName":"Laurine M.","lastName":"Parmentier","roles":["ORIGINATOR","METADATA_AUTHOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5633-710X"]},{"key":7102875,"abbreviatedName":"Vedovelli A","firstName":"Alice","lastName":"Vedovelli","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8525-9752"]},{"key":7102876,"abbreviatedName":"Petrone A","firstName":"Andrea","lastName":"Petrone","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":[]},{"key":7102877,"abbreviatedName":"Coelho R M","firstName":"Rúben MV","lastName":"Coelho","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":[]},{"key":7102878,"abbreviatedName":"Cuesta García M","firstName":"Miriam","lastName":"Cuesta García","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-0537"]},{"key":7102879,"abbreviatedName":"Oyarzabal G","firstName":"Guilherme","lastName":"Oyarzabal","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7332-9788"]},{"key":7102880,"abbreviatedName":"Neves V","firstName":"Verónica","lastName":"Neves","roles":["ORIGINATOR"],"userId":[]},{"key":7102881,"abbreviatedName":"Borges P A V","firstName":"Paulo A. 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C., Martins, H. R., Morato, T., Neves, V., Prieto, R., Santos, R. S., Silva, M. A., & Vandeperre, F. (2020). The Azores: A Mid-Atlantic Hotspot for Marine Megafauna Research and Conservation. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00826","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"BirdLife International. (2023). Cory’s Shearwater (Calonectris borealis)—BirdLife species factsheet. BirdLife International.","identifier":"http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/corys-shearwater-calonectris-borealis/details ","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Dias, M. P., Martin, R., Pearmain, E. J., Burfield, I. J., Small, C., Phillips, R. A., Yates, O., Lascelles, B., Borboroglu, P. G., & Croxall, J. P. (2019). Threats to seabirds: A global assessment. Biological Conservation, 237, 525–537.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.06.033","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Lamelas-López, L., & Borges, P. a. V. (2023). Surveying Cory Shearwater colonies with camera traps and identifying potential invasive nest predators. Biodiversity Data Journal, 11, 1–13.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e103270","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Ng, K., Borges, P., Phillips, M. R., Medeiros, A., & Calado, H. (2019). An integrated coastal vulnerability approach to small islands: The Azores case. Science of The Total Environment, 690, 1218–1227.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.013","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Oswald, S. A., Bearhop, S., Furness, R. W., Huntley, B., & Hamer, K. C. (2008). Heat Stress in a High-Latitude Seabird: Effects of Temperature and Food Supply on Bathing and Nest Attendance of Great Skuas Catharacta skua. Journal of Avian Biology, 39(2), 163–169.","identifier":" https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2008.0908-8857.04187.x","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Rodríguez, B., Siverio, F., Acosta, Y., & Rodríguez, A. (2022). Breeding Success of Cory’s Shearwater in Relation to Nest Characteristics and Predation by Alien Mammals. Ardeola, 69(1), 115–128.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.69.1.2022.sc1 ","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"description":"This section only applies for the dataset \"occurence\", created with the vegetation survey (Braun-Blanquet scale). Only vascular plants were identified, covering four classes, 23 orders and 44 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In Graciosa, sampling focused on the rocky and vegetated Ilhéu da Praia. Six colonies with very different habitat features were sampled in Terceira: Agualva, Raminho and Serreta in the northern and western coast, and Chanoca, Contendas and Monte Brasil in the southern coast. On Pico, the study included the rocky colony of Criação Velha, and the forested boulders of Ponta do Mistério. Finally, the survey in Faial covered the volcanic landscape of Capelinhos and the shrub-covered cliffs of Castelo Branco.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":38.49166,"maxLatitude":39.05826,"minLongitude":-28.81791,"maxLongitude":-27.07696,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2025-04-30T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2025-10-01T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Cory's shearwater; Calonectris borealis; Seabird Conservation; Breeding Habitat; Seabird Colony; Nest Characteristics; Azores; Vegetation Survey; Braun-Blanquet Scale."]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Characteristics of occupied nests Cory’s shearwater (Calonectris borealis) in the Central Group of islands, Azores, during the breeding season 2025","identifier":"CharacteristicsNests_CoryShearwater_2025","contacts":[{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5633-710X"],"firstName":"Laurine M.","lastName":"Parmentier","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8525-9752"],"firstName":"Alice","lastName":"Vedovelli","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Andrea","lastName":"Petrone","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-0537"],"firstName":"Miriam","lastName":"Cuesta García","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Rúben MV","lastName":"Coelho","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7332-9788"],"firstName":"Guilherme","lastName":"Oyarzabal","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6826-4542"],"firstName":"Verónica","lastName":"Neves","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-7623"],"firstName":"Paulo A. V.","lastName":"Borges","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"This research was funded by the Fundo Regional da Ciência e Tecnologia (FRCT), Governo dos Açores, through the Doctoral Grant M3.1.a/F/013/2024 under the PRO-SCIENTIA Program. Additional support was provided by the Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) via specialized competitive funding for PhD students (Ref: UID/00329/2025).\nFunding to put data open access in AZORES BIOPORTAL was obtained from the project “Upgrading the Azorean Biodiversity Portal Infrastructure (AZORES BIOPORTAL- PORBIOTA) to Boost Biodiversity Research, Management, and Education -PORBIOTA” (DRCID, ACORES2030-FEDER-03420600), co-financed by ERDF (European Regional Development Fund), through the Direção Regional do Planeamento e Fundos Estruturais, under the Açores 2030 Programme, at  85%, and by the Autonomous Region of the Azores (RAA) at 15% through the Direção Regional da Ciência, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, via the PROSCIENTIA Incentive System, with reference M1.1.C/COFUND AÇORES 2030/2026/001 - PORBIOTA","awards":[],"studyAreaDescription":"The study was conducted across 11 Cory's shearwater colonies located on four islands in the Central Group of the Azorean archipelago: Graciosa (39°3′5″N 28°0′51″W; total area: 60.65km²; maximum elevation: 375 m a.s.l.), Terceira (38°43′40″N 27°12′48″W; total area: 400.2 km²; maximum elevation: 1021 m a.s.l.), Pico (38°27′57″N 28°20′0″W; total area: 447 km²; maximum elevation: 2351 m a.s.l.) and Faial (38°34′57″N 28°42′17″W; total area of 174 km²; maximum elevation: 1043 m a.s.l.). In Graciosa, sampling focused on the rocky and vegetated Ilhéu da Praia. Six colonies with different habitat features were sampled in Terceira: Agualva, Raminho and Serreta in the northern and western coast, and Chanoca, Contendas and Monte Brasil in the southern coast. On Pico, the study included the rocky colony of Criação Velha, and the forested boulders of Ponta do Mistério. Finally, the survey in Faial covered the volcanic landscape of Capelinhos and the shrub-covered cliffs of Castelo Branco.","designDescription":"The colonies selected for this study were chosen based on their inclusion in previous projects which  ensured that a portion of the nests within each colony would be accessible. We used existing coordinates to locate previously identified nests across all colonies, with the exception of the Contendas colony (Terceira island). In addition, we conducted a systematic search in each colony to locate new nests, thanks to hints such as vocalization, presence of feathers and faeces, or excavated soil. The occupancy was confirmed only by seeing either an adult Cory's shearwater, an egg or a chick inside the nest. Once confirmed, each nest was assigned a unique identifier, physically marked, and its precise geographic coordinates were mapped. The final dataset exclusively includes active nests that were found between April 2025 and October 2025.","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"The Azores archipelago is a critical global region for seabird conservation, hosting approximately 75% of the world's breeding population of Cory’s shearwater (Calonectris borealis) (Afonso et al., 2020; BirdLife International, 2023). Despite its ecological importance, there remains a lack of high-resolution, standardized data regarding the characterization of their breeding habitats (Rodríguez et al., 2022), which are increasingly threatened by habitat degradation (Ng et al., 2019), invasive predators (Lamelas-López & Borges, 2023), and climate change (Dias et al., 2019; Oswald et al., 2008). This data set addresses this knowledge gap by presenting a comprehensive data package characterizing 421 active nests across 11 colonies on four islands of the Central Group: Faial, Graciosa, Pico, and Terceira. The sampling was conducted between 30 April and 10 October of 2025. The dataset is organized into two primary components: 1) a physical characterization involving numerical variables (such as nest depth, entrance dimensions, internal width, altitude, slope, and proximity tothe sea and to human infrastructure) as well as categorical variables (such as the type of nests, the substrate found inside the nest and obstacles in front of the nest entrance); and 2) a detailed vegetation survey conducted at each nest using the Braun-Blanquet method. In total, the data package consists of 5,812 individual records characterizing nest architecture and local topography, alongside 1,377 records of vascular plant species. A total of 97 vascular plant species were identified across the studied colonies. This standardized dataset aims to improve the understanding of nesting site characterization and habitat features to better protect the species under future climate scenarios."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"The study took place in 11 breeding colonies of Cory’s shearwater (Calonectris borealis) distributed across four islands in the Central Group of the Azores: Faial, Graciosa, Pico, and Terceira. A total of 421 active nests were surveyed during the 2025 breeding season, from April to October. The study covers a diverse range of nesting habitats, as the sites ranged from bare rocky areas to densely covered zones.","sampling":"We followed a consistent protocol to survey 421 active nests, dividing the work into two parts: nest characteristics and vegetation.\nFor the numerical variables of the nest characteristics, we used a tape measure to record the burrow’s dimensions in centimeters (entrance dimensions, depth, and width inside the nest). We also used a compass, clinometer, and GPS to record the slope (in degrees and radians), orientation (in degrees and radians), and exact location of each nest. Later, we used mapping software (QGIS) to calculate how far each nest was from the sea, roads, and the nearest village. The categorical nest features were made through on-site observations.\nFor the vegetation survey, we examined a 2x2 meter area centered at each nest entrance. We identified all plant species present and used a standard scale (Braun-Blanquet) to estimate how much ground each species covered.","qualityControl":"All personnel underwent standardized training to minimize observer bias, particularly for Braun-Blanquet estimations. Equipment remained consistent across all sites, and all geographic data was cross-referenced in GIS to ensure spatial accuracy. Plant identifications were verified by botanists, experienced with the azorean vegetation.","methodSteps":["The present data set takes into account 11 breeding colonies distributed across four islands of the Azorean Central Group (Faial, Graciosa, Pico, and Terceira). Initial site selection was guided by coordinates from previous projects and additionally, a systematic search for unrecorded nests was conducted. Occupancy was confirmed through the direct observation of an adult, egg, or chick. Only nests confirmed as active were included in the subsequent sampling steps. For every active nest, a standardized survey of nests characteristics and a vegetation survey (using Braun-Blanquet scale) was recorded.\nAll data collected in the field were transcribed from field notebooks into a centralized digital database using Microsoft Excel. Then, the data were formatted according to the Darwin Core (DwC) standard, using \"MeasurementOrFact\" for the main nest characteristicts and \"Event\" for the vegetation survey. In total, the database includes 421 unique Event records (nests), which are linked to 1,377 records in the Occurrence table and 5,812 records in the MeasurementOrFact table."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","purpose":"This study was designed to fill an information gap regarding the characteristics of occupied nests of Calonectris borealis during the breeding season. By providing a standardized inventory of nest features and associated vegetation, the dataset enables researchers to model habitat suitability and predator vulnerability at a larger scale than previously possible in the archipelago.","introduction":"The Azores archipelago is a critical global region for seabird conservation, hosting approximately 75% of the world's breeding population of Cory’s shearwater (Calonectris borealis) (Afonso et al., 2020; BirdLife International, 2023). Despite its ecological importance, there remains a lack of high-resolution, standardized data regarding the characterization of their breeding habitats (Rodríguez et al., 2022), which are increasingly threatened by habitat degradation (Ng et al., 2019), invasive predators (Lamelas-López &amp;amp;amp; Borges, 2023), and climate change (Dias et al., 2019; Oswald et al., 2008). This data set addresses this knowledge gap by presenting a comprehensive data package characterizing 421 active nests across 11 colonies on four islands of the Central Group: Faial, Graciosa, Pico, and Terceira. The sampling was conducted between 30 April and 10 October of 2025. The dataset is organized into two primary components: 1) a physical characterization involving numerical variables (such as nest depth, entrance dimensions, internal width, altitude, slope, and proximity tothe sea and to human infrastructure) as well as categorical variables (such as the type of nests, the substrate found inside the nest and obstacles in front of the nest entrance); and 2) a detailed vegetation survey conducted at each nest using the Braun-Blanquet method. In total, the data package consists of 5,812 individual records characterizing nest architecture and local topography, alongside 1,380 records of vascular plant species. A total of 106 vascular plant species were identified across the studied colonies. This standardized dataset aims to improve the understanding of nesting site characterization and habitat features to better protect the species under future climate scenarios.","acknowledgements":"<p>We express our sincere gratitude to Amelie Neitzel and Ambre Solivellas, supported by the Erasmus+ program) for their dedicated assistance during the fieldwork. We are also deeply grateful to the Direção Regional de Políticas Marítimas, more specifically Vanda M. A. Serpa, and the Vigilantes da Natureza teams of Graciosa and Pico for their essential logistical support and field assistance. Additionally, we thank the Vigilantes da Natureza of Terceira for their significant contributions to the data collection process and constant sharing of information. Furthermore, we gratefully acknowledge the Regional Foundation for Science and Technology (FRCT) for funding the PhD project of Laurine M. Parmentier through grant M3.1.a/F/013/2024. Finally, we thank the cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes for supporting the fieldwork via a specialized PhD budget (Ref: UID/00329/2025; DOI: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.54499/UID/00329/2025).\">https://doi.org/10.54499/UID/00329/2025).</a> Funding to put data open access in AZORES BIOPORTAL was obtained from the project “Upgrading the Azorean Biodiversity Portal Infrastructure (AZORES BIOPORTAL- PORBIOTA) to Boost Biodiversity Research, Management, and Education -PORBIOTA” (DRCID, ACORES2030-FEDER-03420600), co-financed by ERDF (European Regional Development Fund), through the Direção Regional do Planeamento e Fundos Estruturais, under the Açores 2030 Programme, at 85%, and by the Autonomous Region of the Azores (RAA) at 15% through the Direção Regional da Ciência, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, via the PROSCIENTIA Incentive System, with reference M1.1.C/COFUND AÇORES 2030/2026/001 - PORBIOTA</p>","pubDate":"2026-08-10T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"AS_NEEDED","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event","extensions":["http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/MeasurementOrFact","http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence"],"modified":"2026-08-10T09:49:49.661+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":1377}}