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Kochanowski, Anna Dubiec, Aleksander Juszczak, Igor Siedlecki, Piotr Ślipiński, Marta Wrzosek, Enikő Csata, Magdalena Witek,\nChronic fungal infection accelerates age polyethism in ants without altering immune response,\nAnimal Behaviour,\nVolume 232,\n2026,\n123426,\nISSN 0003-3472,\nhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123426.\n(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347225003537)\nAbstract: Foraging is a critical activity for many animals, where individuals face many environmental pressures. Among these, parasite infection is one of the most negative threats, especially in social insects, where parasites can be shared among nestmates inside the nest and can affect colony functioning by altering the division of labour within a colony. In the ant Myrmica scabrinodis, the ectoparasite fungus Rickia wasmannii infects the majority of workers in the colony and is linked to reduced lifespan, enhanced immune responses and altered behaviour. Given that task allocation in M. scabrinodis is age dependent, we tested whether R. wasmannii infection accelerates the transition to foraging due to the ants’ shortened life expectancy. Our results confirmed that colonies with high infection intensity exhibited an earlier onset of foraging behaviour. Additionally, immune response, measured through phenoloxidase activity, was more strongly influenced by worker age than task switching or infection status, with older workers exhibiting higher immune activity. This suggests that while infection accelerates task switching, it does not directly impact immune function. Our findings highlight how chronic fungal infection can disrupt the division of labour in social insect colonies.\nKeywords: ant; ectoparasite; fungal parasitism; division of labour; insect immunity; insect–fungi interaction; Myrmica scabrinodis; phenoloxidase system; Rickia wasmannii; task switch","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123426","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"description":"The dataset consists of the ant host (Myrmica scabrinodis) and fungal parasite (Rickia wasmannii).","coverages":[{"scientificName":"Fungi","rank":{"verbatim":"kingdom","interpreted":"KINGDOM"}},{"scientificName":"Arthropoda","rank":{"verbatim":"phylum","interpreted":"PHYLUM"}},{"scientificName":"Hymenoptera","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Ascomycota","rank":{"verbatim":"phylum","interpreted":"PHYLUM"}},{"scientificName":"Insecta","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"Metazoa","rank":{"verbatim":"kingdom","interpreted":"KINGDOM"}},{"scientificName":"Laboulbeniales","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Laboulbeniomycetes","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"Laboulbeniaceae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Formicidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"Myrmica scabrinodis nests were sampled on wet meadow in Ruczaj, Kraków (Poland).","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":50.027,"maxLatitude":50.027,"minLongitude":19.863,"maxLongitude":19.863,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2022-05-01T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2022-05-31T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Specimen"]}],"project":{"title":"Chronic Fungal Infection Accelerates Age Polyethism in Ants Without Altering Immune Response","funding":"This research is part of the project No. 2022/45/P/NZ8/04018 co-funded by the National Science Centre and the European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 945339.","awards":[],"relatedProjects":[]},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"The study site was visited once, and 20 colonies of Myrmica scabrinodies were collected; 10 were infected with Rickia wasmannii and 10 were uninfected. Collected ants were transported to the laboratory in plastic bags. In the lab, ants were sorted and counted, and the presence and intensity of infection were measured. Ants were used for behavioural and physiological experiments.","sampling":"Myrmica scabrinodis nests are located in the grass tussock. The whole tussock was dug with a shovel and transported to the laboratory in plastic bags. In the lab, the artificial nests were established, and infection was confirmed with the stereoscopic microscope.","methodSteps":["- nest sampling,\n- infection assessment,\n- individuals counting"]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","pubDate":"2026-02-12T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"UNKOWN","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":[],"modified":"2026-07-10T19:14:30.557+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":40}}