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R., Cazzola, M., & Buffagni, A., 2004. Characterising hydromorphological features of selected Italian rivers: a comparative application of environmental indices, Hydrobiologia 516: 365–379.","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Buffagni A., Kemp J.L., Erba S., Belfiore C., Hering D., & Moog O., 2001. A Europe-wide system for assessing the quality of rivers using macroinvertebrates: the AQEM Project) and its importance for southern Europe (with special emphasis on Italy). J. Limnol., 60 (Suppl. 1): 39-48.","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Buffagni, A. & Kemp, J. L., 2002: Looking beyond the shores of the United Kingdom: addenda for the application of River Habitat Survey in Southern European rivers. – J. Limnol. 61: 199–214.","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Buffagni A., S. Erba, M. Cazzola & J. L. Kemp, 2004. The AQEM multimetric system for the southern Italian Apennines: assessing the impact of water quality and habitat degradation on pool macroinvertebrates in Mediterranean rivers. Hydrobiologia 516: 313-329.","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Buffagni, A., Demartini, D., Terranova, L., 2013. Manuale di applicazione del metodo CARAVAGGIO - Guida al rilevamento e alla descrizione degli habitat fluviali. 1/i. Monografie dell'Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque del C.N.R., Roma (301 pp, ISBN: 9788897655008) (In Italian).","identifier":" www.life-inhabit.it/it/download/tutti-file/doc_download/123manuale-caravaggio","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Buffagni A. & Erba S., 2014. Linee guida per la valutazione della componente macrobentonica fluviale ai sensi del DM 260/2010. ISPRA, Manuali e Linee Guida 107/2014. Pp 83. ISBN 978-88-448-0645-3 (in Italian).","identifier":"https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/files/pubblicazioni/manuali-lineeguida/MLG_107_14.pdf","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"CNR-IRSA, 2007. Macroinvertebrati acquatici e Direttiva 2000/60/EC (WFD). IRSA-CNR Notiziario dei Metodi Analitici, Marzo 2007. (ISSN 1974-8345). (in Italian).","identifier":"http://www. life-inhabit.it/cnr-irsa-activities/en/download/methods-news-irsa","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"MATTM, 2010. Italian Ministry of Environment and Land and Sea Protection. Ministerial Decree 260/2010. ‘Regolamento recante i Criteri tecnici per la classificazione dello stato dei corpi idrici superficiali, per la modifica delle norme tecniche del decreto legislativo 3 aprile 2006, n. 152, recante norme in materia ambientale, predisposto ai sensi dell'articolo 75, comma 3, del medesimo decreto legislativo’. Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana 30 7th February 2011 (In Italian).","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"description":"The dataset comprises the occurrences of 30 insect families, divided in 6 orders. For three insects orders namely Plecoptera, Odonata and Ephemeroptera, occurrence data are available at the genus level (18 genera).","coverages":[{"scientificName":"SIALIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Coleoptera","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Arthropoda","rank":{"verbatim":"phylum","interpreted":"PHYLUM"}},{"scientificName":"Odonata","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"HYDROPTILIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Insecta","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"BERAEIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Megaloptera","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"ODONTOCERIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"BAETIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"SCIRTIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"DRYOPIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"HEPTAGENIIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"CORDULEGASTRIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"LEUCTRIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"LIMNEPHILIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Trichoptera","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"CAENIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"LEPTOPHLEBIIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"EPHEMERIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Animalia","rank":{"verbatim":"kingdom","interpreted":"KINGDOM"}},{"scientificName":"HYDRAENIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"HALIPLIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"EPHEMERELLIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"HYDROPSYCHIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"PHILOPOTAMIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Ephemeroptera","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"BRACHYCENTRIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"DYTISCIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"POLYCENTROPODIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"PERLIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"CHLOROPERLIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"ELMIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Plecoptera","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"NEMOURIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"CALOPTERYGIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"SERICOSTOMATIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"PERLODIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"RHYACOPHILIDAE","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"Invertebrates were collected in nearly pristine rivers located in the Sothern Apennines (Italy, Campania, Salerno Province).","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":40.198607,"maxLatitude":40.385,"minLongitude":15.31565,"maxLongitude":15.724726,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"single","date":"2000-05-27T00:00:00.000+00:00"},{"@type":"single","date":"2000-05-28T00:00:00.000+00:00"},{"@type":"single","date":"2000-06-01T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Occurrence"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Specimen"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/","keywords":["Mediterranean","biodiversity","reference sites","Italy","ecological status","invertebrates"]}],"project":{"title":"AQEM and ITINERIS","contacts":[{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Andrea","lastName":"Buffagni","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Marcello","lastName":"Cazzola","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Stefania","lastName":"Erba","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"AQEM was funded by the European Commission, 5th Framework Program, Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, Key Action Water, Contract no. EVK1-CT1999-00027. ITINERIS project (Project IR0000032 – ITINERIS - Italian Integrated Environmental Research Infrastructures System - CUP B53C22002150006) was supported by the EU - Next Generation EU Mission 4 \"Education and Research\" - Component 2: \"From Research to Business\" - Investment 3.1: \"Fund for the Creation of an Integrated System of Research and Innovation Infrastructures\"","awards":[],"studyAreaDescription":"Data refers to non-intermittent rivers located in the South Apennines area (Campania Region, Province of Salerno). The river stretches were chosen to be representative of small-sized, calcareous streams, located between 200 to 800 m a.s.l.. Main anthropogenic disturbance in the area is linked to organic pollution and hydro-morphlogical alteration (Buffagni et al., 2004). Within this collection, only nearly pristine sites are included.","designDescription":"A large amount of data is available in relation to the dataset collected within the AQEM Project including map-based information about the site and catchment and field records. Benthic invertebrate assemblages information was recorded jointly with several abiotic features (Balestrini et al., 2004) at different spatial scales (e.g. habitat composition and structure, water quality). The hydro-morphological characterization of each river reach was also performed following the CARAVAGGIO (Core Assessment of River hAbitat VAlue and hydro-morpholoGIcal cOndition) method, previously known as SE_RHS (Buffagni & Kemp, 2022; Buffagni et al. 2013).","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"Invertebrates specimens present in this dataset were collected during the AQEM project. AQEM project aimed at developing WFD (EC/2000/60) compliant methods for the assessment of rivers ecological status (Buffagni et al, 2001) using macroinvertebrates. Data were digitized within the ITINERIS (Italian Integrated Environmental Research Infrastructures System) project. The column eventType reports ‘project’ because data are directly linked to research project."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"Data refers to non-intermittent rivers located in the South Apennines area (Campania Region, Province of Salerno).\nFor this dataset, only samples collected in the pool mesohabitat are considered. Invertebrates were quantitatively collected in each sampling unit using a Surber net (area 0.05 m2; mesh size 0.5 mm).","sampling":"The riverine benthic invertebrates were sampled adopting the proportional and quantitative multi-habitat approach (the protocol specified in the column samplingProtocol of the dataset), which is the Italian standard for the monitoring of wadable water bodies under the WFD (CNR-IRSA, 2007; MATTM, 2010). A riffle-pool sequence (mesohabitat scale) was identified in a river section of about 25-50 meters. Sampling units have to be distributed within this riffle-pool sequence. The distribution of the sampling units between pool and riffle is related to the coverage of the different microhabitats (visually estimated according to substrate type). 10 sampling units are allocated in the pool and 10 in the riffle areas respectively. For this dataset, only samples collected in the pool mesohabitat are considered. Invertebrates were quantitatively collected in each sampling unit using a Surber net (area 0.05 m2; mesh size 0.5 mm).","qualityControl":"Quality control for geographic data: Reliability of coordinates where available was checked in QGIS. Geographic coordinate format, coordinates within country/provincial boundaries, and the absence of anomalous ASCII characters in the dataset were also double checked.\nQuality control for taxonomic data: even if some taxa have undergone a nomenclature revision, the nomenclature used in this dataset followed the one present in the MacrOper list (Buffagni & Erba, 2014), used to assess the ecological status of Italian water bodies according to the WFD. Specimens were assigned to taxonomic units according to the available literature and identification keys and identifications were internally checked.","methodSteps":["A large amount of data is available in relation to the dataset collected within the AQEM Project including map-based information about the site and catchment and field records. Benthic invertebrate assemblages information was recorded jointly with several abiotic features (Balestrini et al., 2004) at different spatial scales (e.g. habitat composition and structure, water quality). The hydro-morphological characterization of each river reach was also performed following the CARAVAGGIO (Core Assessment of River hAbitat VAlue and hydro-morpholoGIcal cOndition) method, previously known as SE_RHS (Buffagni & Kemp, 2022; Buffagni et al. 2013)."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[{"name":"Invertebrate collection from reference (nearly pristine) Southern Apennine river sites","identifier":"https://scientific-collections.gbif.org/collection/93582c0f-368a-4630-b72a-40d3f886520c","specimenPreservationMethod":"ALCOHOL","curatorialUnits":[]}],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","acknowledgements":"AQEM was funded by the European Commission, 5th Framework Program, Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, Key Action Water, Contract no. EVK1-CT1999-00027. ITINERIS project (Project IR0000032 – ITINERIS - Italian Integrated Environmental Research Infrastructures System - CUP B53C22002150006) was supported by the EU - Next Generation EU Mission 4 \"Education and Research\" - Component 2: \"From Research to Business\" - Investment 3.1: \"Fund for the Creation of an Integrated System of Research and Innovation Infrastructures\".","pubDate":"2025-02-20T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"AS_NEEDED","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":[],"modified":"2026-03-02T20:31:20.152+00:00"}}