This dataset contains bird observations collected through passive acoustic monitoring in the Ukrainian Roztochya region. Data were recorded using autonomous acoustic recorders and analyzed using BirdNET, a deep learning-based species identification model.
To ensure data quality, automated detections were randomly sampled and verified by human experts. An optimal confidence threshold for species identification was determined using logistic regression following the methodology of Wood and Kahl (2024; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-024-02144-5). The aim is to provide observations that have confidence greater than or equal to the threshold, ensuring at least 95% identification accuracy. If a particular observation is only automatically identified (i.e., without human verification) but filtered according to the approach described above, it receives an 'unverified' status in the identificationVerificationStatus column. BirdNET confidence is indicated in the identificationRemarks column.
Some records included in this dataset have been quality-controlled and represent verified presence observations. Such observations receive a 'verified' status in the identificationVerificationStatus column and the name(s) of the identifier(s) in the identifiedBy column. Additionally, the identificationRemarks column includes a comment such as 'Confirmed by human expert(s). Original confidence: 0.38'.
We do not upload all available observations to avoid 'duplication', i.e., hundreds of detections of the same species from a single day-location pair. Observations are therefore aggregated to 1-hour intervals per location. This means that each of the 24 hours in a day from the same location may contain an observation of a particular species. Only one observation from a given hour is selected - the one with the highest confidence level (above threshold), or if there is an observation verified by a human expert, it is automatically preferred. We think that hourly data is more useful in case somebody is interested in daily activity patterns. The full dataset can be viewed through an interactive tool - https://yurastrus.dev/en/pam.
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study area is located in the Ukrainian part of Roztochya, a hilly region in Lviv Oblast covering approximately 1,700 km². The landscape is dominated by forests (50%) and agricultural areas (30%), with meadows and marshes. The region has an average altitude of 320-370 m and contains an extensive protected area network covering over 20% of the territory.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":49.8208,"maxLatitude":49.97598,"minLongitude":23.64075,"maxLongitude":24.14172,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2023-03-31T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2025-10-31T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Occurrence\nPAM\nRoztochya\nUkraine"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Passive acoustic monitoring of fauna in the Roztochya region of Ukraine","identifier":"acmon:RSNR","contacts":[{"type":"AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3853-7917"],"firstName":"Iurii","lastName":"Strus","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"ADMINISTRATIVE_POINT_OF_CONTACT","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1126-7109"],"firstName":"Vasylyna","lastName":"Strus","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"awards":[],"relatedProjects":[]},"samplingDescription":{"methodSteps":[]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","acknowledgements":"This study was supported by the Embassy of Finland in Ukraine, which provided funding for the acquisition of acoustic recording equipment.","pubDate":"2025-12-16T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"IRREGULAR","maintenanceDescription":"Adding new observations.","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":[],"modified":"2026-07-11T23:53:03.294+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":4590}}