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Sampling was conducted in 16 permanent 50 × 50 m native-forest plots (Pico: 6; Terceira: 10) using an optimised COBRA protocol complemented with beetle-targeted searches (under-bark/epiphytes and coarse woody debris/ground refugia). The dataset is published as a sample-event Darwin Core Archive with 308 event records and 539 occurrence records. In total, 1,787 individuals representing 43 taxa from 16 families were recorded; Pico plots yielded 25 species (620 individuals) and Terceira plots 30 species (1,167 individuals). Endemic taxa dominate both richness and abundance, providing a benchmark for detecting compositional change, enabling island biogeographical analyses, and informing conservation assessments and management of native forest remnants\n        ","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Borges P A V (2026). BioMonI-PLOTS: Standardized beetle inventory data from Pico & Terceira Islands (Azores). Version 1.3. Universidade dos Açores. 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(2018). A Global Island Monitoring Scheme (GIMS) for the long-term coordinated survey and monitoring of forest biota across islands. Biodiversity and Conservation, 27: 2567–2586","identifier":"DOI:10.1007/s10531-018-1553-7","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Borges, P.A.V., Lamelas-Lopez, L., Andrade, R., Lhoumeau, S., Vieira, V., Soares, A.O., Borges, I., Boieiro, M., Cardoso, P., Crespo, L.C.F., Karsholt, O., Schülke, M., Serrano, A.R.M., Quartau, J.A. & Assing, V. (2022). An updated checklist of Azorean arthropods (Arthropoda). Biodiversity Data Journal, 10: e97682.","identifier":"DOI:  10.3897/BDJ.10.e97682","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Malumbres-Olarte, J., Cardoso, P., Crespo, L., Gabriel, R., Pereira, F., Carvalho, R., Rego, C., Nunes, R., Ferreira, M.T., Amorim, I.R., Rigal, F. & Borges, P.A.V. (2019). Standardised inventories of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Macaronesia I: The native forests of the Azores (Pico and Terceira islands). Biodiversity Data Journal, 7: e32625","identifier":"DOI:10.3897/BDJ.7.e32625","citationProvidedBySource":false},{"text":"Malumbres-Olarte, J., Rigal, F., Girardello, M., Cardoso, P., Crespo, L.C. , Amorim, I.R., Arnedo, M., Boieiro, M., Carvalho, J.C., Carvalho, R., Gabriel, R., Lamelas-Lopez, L., López, H., Paulo, O.S., Pereira, F., Pérez Delgado, A.J., Rego, C., Romeiras, M., Ros-Prieto, A., Oromí, P., Vieira, A., Emerson, B.C. & Borges, P.A.V. (2021). Habitat filtering and inferred dispersal ability condition across-scale species turnover and rarity in Macaronesian island spider assemblages. Journal of Biogeography, 48: 3131–3144","identifier":"DOI: 10.1111/jbi.14271","citationProvidedBySource":false}],"curatorialUnits":[],"taxonomicCoverages":[{"coverages":[{"scientificName":"Coleoptera","rank":{"verbatim":"order","interpreted":"ORDER"}},{"scientificName":"Arthropoda","rank":{"verbatim":"phylum","interpreted":"PHYLUM"}},{"scientificName":"Insecta","rank":{"verbatim":"class","interpreted":"CLASS"}},{"scientificName":"Carabidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Ciidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Zopheridae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Ptinidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Curculionidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Scraptiidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Leiodidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Apionidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Ptiliidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Hydrophilidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Dytiscidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Cryptophagidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Nitidulidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Staphylinidae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Animalia","rank":{"verbatim":"kingdom","interpreted":"KINGDOM"}},{"scientificName":"Elateridae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}},{"scientificName":"Phalacridae","rank":{"verbatim":"family","interpreted":"FAMILY"}}]}],"geographicCoverages":[{"description":"Pico and Terceira Islands, the Azores, Macaronesia, Portugal.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":38.4377,"maxLatitude":38.7618,"minLongitude":-28.4229,"maxLongitude":-27.1981,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2012-06-08T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2016-07-26T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Coleoptera","COBRA protocol","native laurel forest","Darwin Core","Occurrence; Azores Archipelago","long-term monitoring"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Specimen"]}],"project":{"title":"BioMonI-PLOTS: Standardized beetle inventory data from Pico & Terceira Islands (Azores)","identifier":"BIOMONI PLOTS - Beettjes","contacts":[{"type":"AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-7623"],"firstName":"Paulo A. V.","lastName":"Borges","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6847-3320"],"firstName":"Isabel R.","lastName":"Amorim","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org//0000-0003-3070-3009"],"firstName":"Rui","lastName":"Carvalho","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5661"],"firstName":"Luís C.","lastName":"Crespo","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Rui M.R.","lastName":"Nunes","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Fernando","lastName":"Pereira","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org//0000-0001-8005-4508"],"firstName":"Carla","lastName":"Rego","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3550-8010"],"firstName":"Rosalina","lastName":"Gabriel","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6882-1591"],"firstName":"Faançois","lastName":"Rigal","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]},{"type":"CONTENT_PROVIDER","primary":false,"userId":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-9960"],"firstName":"Pedro","lastName":"Cardoso","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"Field work was supported by two projects: 1) the ERA-Net Net-Biome research framework, financed through Portuguese FCT-NETBIOME grant 0003/2011 (PB); and 2) FCT MACDIV – FCT-PTDC/BIABIC/0054/2014. CR, FR and IRA were supported by grants from Fundação da Ciência e Tecnologia – FCT-SFRH/BPD/91357/2012, FCT-PTDC/BIABIC/119255/2010, FCT-SFRH/BPD/102804/2014 respectively. Database Darwin Core implementation were funded by the project Biodiversa+ project BioMonI – Biodiversity monitoring of island ecosystems, funded by FCT (BiodivMon/0003/2022). Funding to put data open access in AZORES BIOPORTAL was obtained from the project “Upgrading the Azorean Biodiversity Portal Infrastructure (AZORES BIOPORTAL- PORBIOTA) to Boost Biodiversity Research, Management, and Education -PORBIOTA” (DRCID, ACORES2030-FEDER-03420600).","awards":[],"studyAreaDescription":"The Azores (38°43′49″N, 27°19′10″W) are an isolated mid-Atlantic archipelago of nine volcanic islands. Native vegetation across the Azores is mostly restricted to high elevations, with only ~5% of original habitats still protected. Pico Island (436–445 km²; 0.19–0.27 Ma) is dominated by the stratovolcano Pico Mountain (2,351 m) and features lava flows, lava tubes, and volcanic pits. It has a temperate oceanic climate, with high humidity, persistent winds, and abundant rainfall. Terceira Island (402 km²; 0.4 Ma) is circular, formed by four volcanic complexes, with protected areas mainly in Serra de Santa Bárbara and Pico Alto. The island has a temperate oceanic climate with mild temperatures, high humidity, and annual rainfall exceeding 3,400 mm in the mountains","designDescription":"On Pico and Terceira Islands (Azores), we established a network of permanent 50 × 50 m native-forest plots to quantify how community composition changes across space and forest fragmentation. In total, we set up six plots on Pico and ten plots on Terceira, spanning longitudinal extents of ~20 km and ~13 km, respectively (Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019). On Pico, plots were positioned at increasing (log-scaled) distances from a reference plot (0.1, 1, 5, 10 and 20 km), intentionally spanning the three remaining native-forest fragments. This spatial configuration was designed to test distance–decay patterns in β-diversity while maintaining a standardised sampling grain (2,500 m²) across all sites, as implemented within the MACDIV framework (Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019, Malumbres‐Olarte et al. 2021).","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"Oceanic island native forests are highly fragmented yet harbour a disproportionate share of endemic arthropod diversity. To support repeatable monitoring and conservation planning for megadiverse indicator taxa, we mobilise a baseline, Darwin Core–compliant, plot-based inventory of forest beetles (Coleoptera) from the Azores (Pico and Terceira Islands). Sampling was conducted in 16 permanent 50 × 50 m native-forest plots (Pico: 6; Terceira: 10) using an optimised COBRA protocol complemented with beetle-targeted searches (under-bark/epiphytes and coarse woody debris/ground refugia). The dataset is published as a sample-event Darwin Core Archive with 308 event records and 539 occurrence records. In total, 1,787 individuals representing 43 taxa from 16 families were recorded; Pico plots yielded 25 species (620 individuals) and Terceira plots 30 species (1,167 individuals). Endemic taxa dominate both richness and abundance, providing a benchmark for detecting compositional change, enabling island biogeographical analyses, and informing conservation assessments and management of native forest remnants."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"On Pico and Terceira Islands (Azores), we established a network of permanent 50 × 50 m native-forest plots to quantify how community composition changes across space and forest fragmentation .","sampling":"We sampled all plots using the optimised and standardised COBRA protocol (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment), designed to maximise species recovery per unit effort while producing fully comparable samples among plots and islands (Borges et al. 2018). For forest habitats, the core temperate-forest COBRA module comprised: (i) nocturnal aerial active search (AAS) (four 1-h samples), (ii) diurnal sweeping (FSD) (two 1-h samples) and nocturnal sweeping (FSN) (two 1-h samples), (iii) diurnal foliage beating (FBD)  (two 1-h samples) and nocturnal foliage beating (FBN) (two 1-h samples), and (iv) pitfall trapping (12 samples, each pooling four traps).\n\nTo better represent beetle assemblages, particularly cryptic and microhabitat-specialised taxa that are under-sampled by canopy/ground active methods alone, we added two targeted diurnal active-search components proposed for island forest monitoring (Borges et al. 2018): (1) under-bark/epiphyte searches (ABS; two 1-h samples) focusing on bark crevices, lichens and bryophytes, and (2) searches in coarse woody debris and ground refugia (GWS; two 1-h samples) targeting decaying logs, dead wood on the ground and stones. Sampling was conducted in July 2016 in Pico (MACDIV) and between June and September 2012 in Terceira (ISLANDBIODIV).","qualityControl":"A reference collection of Azorean arthropods, housed at the Dalberto Teixeira Pombo Insect Collection (University of the Azores), was used to help specimen identification.","methodSteps":["The taxonomic nomenclature and colonisation status of the species follows the most recent checklist of Azorean arthropods (Borges et al. 2022)."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[{"name":"Entomoteca Dalberto Teixeira Pombo (DTP)","identifier":"DTP","specimenPreservationMethod":"ALCOHOL","curatorialUnits":[]}],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"eng","acknowledgements":"<p>Field work was supported by two projects: 1) the ERA-Net Net-Biome research framework, financed through Portuguese FCT-NETBIOME grant 0003/2011 (PB); and 2) FCT MACDIV – FCT-PTDC/BIABIC/0054/2014. CR, FR and IRA were supported by grants from Fundação da Ciência e Tecnologia – FCT-SFRH/BPD/91357/2012, FCT-PTDC/BIABIC/119255/2010, FCT-SFRH/BPD/102804/2014 respectively. Database Darwin Core implementation were funded by the project Biodiversa+ project BioMonI – Biodiversity monitoring of island ecosystems, funded by FCT (BiodivMon/0003/2022). Funding to put data open access in AZORES BIOPORTAL was obtained from the project “Upgrading the Azorean Biodiversity Portal Infrastructure (AZORES BIOPORTAL- PORBIOTA) to Boost Biodiversity Research, Management, and Education -PORBIOTA” (DRCID, ACORES2030-FEDER-03420600).</p>","pubDate":"2026-04-27T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"UNKNOWN","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event","extensions":["http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence"],"modified":"2026-07-10T19:30:25.012+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":539}}