{"key":"f87f7ac0-8d4a-4318-ac1b-7ce64c3c72ab","installationKey":"faeb021c-ab9f-4c80-9587-3749a8f6fb23","publishingOrganizationKey":"ba7b835b-ec0d-4380-99a5-9065b4206868","doi":"10.15468/83kxca","external":false,"numConstituents":0,"type":"OCCURRENCE","subtype":"OBSERVATION","shortName":"Marine communities in Cape Froward","title":"Structure and spatio-temporal dynamics of marine communities associated with the kelp forests at Cape Froward, Strait of Magellan","description":"\n            Gigant kelp forest, Macrocystis pyrifera, dominate the coast of southerm  Patagonia and are particularty abundant in the coastal ecosystems of Cape Froward, where they play a key role in biodiversity conservation and the provision of multiple ecosystem services, establishing themselves as one the most resilient kelp forest ecosystemson teh planet. This study constitutes one of the first spatiotemporal assessments of the diverse components inhabiting kelp forests in the Strait of Magellan (Cape Froward). In total, 238 taxa belonging to zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, fish, and macroalgae inhabiting the understory were identified in these ecosystems, including species that are key to the coastal communities of the Magellan region. \n        ","language":"eng","citation":{"text":"Hüne M, Palacios M, Rodríguez-Stepke B, Poblete J, Osman D (2026). Structure and spatio-temporal dynamics of marine communities associated with the kelp forests at Cape Froward, Strait of Magellan. Fundación Rewilding Chile. 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Patagonian Fjord and Channel System, located between 42° and 56° S in southern Chile, is characterized by a complex geomorphology formed by fjords, channels, and islands, strongly influenced by glacial processes that occurred during the Pleistocene. The Cape Froward area belongs to the central sub-basin of the strait, where estuarine and saline estuarine waters from the Pacific predominate, with some Atlantic influence.","boundingBox":{"minLatitude":-54.0006,"maxLatitude":-53.6998,"minLongitude":-71.9955,"maxLongitude":-71.0662,"globalCoverage":false}}],"temporalCoverages":[{"@type":"range","start":"2024-11-05T00:00:00.000+00:00","end":"2025-05-14T00:00:00.000+00:00"}],"keywordCollections":[{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml","keywords":["Macrocystis","biodiversity","foundational species","marine conservation","Magellan region","Occurrence","Patagonia"]},{"thesaurus":"GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml","keywords":["Observation"]}],"project":{"title":"Structure and spatio-temporal dynamics of marine communities associated with the kelp forests at Cape Froward, Strait of Magellan","identifier":"Marine biodiversity associated with macrocystis forest in Cape Froward","contacts":[{"type":"AUTHOR","primary":false,"userId":[],"firstName":"Mathias","lastName":"Hüne","position":[],"email":[],"phone":[],"homepage":[],"address":[]}],"funding":"Fundacion Rewilding Chile","awards":[],"studyAreaDescription":"In the southernmost segment of the Strait of Magellan, Cape Froward stands out. It forms part of the central sub-basin that extends from Carlos III Island to Segunda Angostura. This area is characterized by estuarine and brackish waters. Furthermore, it has been described as a zone of upwelling, resulting from the differences in depth between Carlos III Island (~60 m) and Cape Froward (>500 m).","designDescription":"Two field surveys were conducted nearby and within shallow forests of giant kelp, M. pyrifera, located in Cape Froward area, Magellan Strait, southern Chilean Patagonia. The first survey was carried out from 5–11 November 2024 (austral spring), and the second from 14–20 May 2025 (austral autumn). A total of 12 stations per season were surveyed. Sampling sites were selected to represent the spatial variability of the study ar-ea along the western side of the Strait of Magellan, with stations classified as west, central, and east, according to the Cape Froward area.","relatedProjects":[],"abstract":"Giant kelp forests, Macrocystis pyrifera, dominate the coasts of southern Patagonia and are particularly abundant in the coastal ecosystems of Cape Froward, where they play a key role in biodiversity conservation and the provision of multiple ecosystem services, establishing themselves as one of the most resilient kelp forest ecosystems on the planet. This study constitutes one of the first spatiotemporal assessments of the diverse components inhabiting kelp forests in the Strait of Magellan (Cape Froward). In total, 238 taxa belonging to zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, fish, and macroalgae inhabiting the understory were identified in these ecosystems, including species that are key to the coastal communities of the Magellan region. In general terms, the results show that the coastal ecosystems of Cape Froward support highly diverse, dynamic, and complex communities, with characteristics representative of ecological systems of regional and global significance. In this regard, the present study provides a solid scientific basis for implementing conservation measures and, at the same time, raises new questions about the ecological functioning of this unique socio-ecological system at the southern tip of Patagonia."},"samplingDescription":{"studyExtent":"Two field surveys were conducted nearby and within shallow forests of giant kelp, M. pyrifera, located in Cape Froward area, Magellan Strait, southern Chilean Patagonia. The first survey was carried out from 5–11 November 2024 (austral spring), and the second from 14–20 May 2025 (austral autumn). A total of 12 stations per season were surveyed. Sampling sites were selected to represent the spatial variability of the study ar-ea along the western side of the Strait of Magellan, with stations classified as west, central, and east, according to the Cape Froward area.","sampling":"Abundance and density of kelp forests\nTo estimate wet biomass (kg ind-1), we collected whole M. pyrifera individuals across a representative range of size classes (>20 per sector). For everyone, we recorded the maximum holdfast diameter (cm), maximum holdfast height (cm), number of stipites, total length (m), and individual wet biomass (kg) to de-velop an allometric model for estimating individual wet biomass.\n\nZooplankton\nAt each of the 12 stations, oblique tows were conducted from a maximum depth of 20–30 m to the surface, at a distance of 20–30 m from the kelp forest.\n\nVisual kelp forest fish census\nSubtidal transects were surveyed at each of the stations where kelp forests were pre-sent during the spring and autumn surveys. At each study site, a diver identified and counted all fish species within a 1-meter radius on either side of a 25-meter transect line (50 m²) (n = 2 transects at each station).\n\nInvertebrates and macroalgae of the understory\nAfter completing the fish survey in the 25-meter transect (50 m²), a second diver pho-tographed a 0.06 m² quadrant (n = 40) in situ, alternating between both sides of the transect within a 1-meter radius on either side, recording the presence of invertebrates and under-story vegetation inhabiting the kelp forest.","methodSteps":["Abundance and density of kelp forests\nTo estimate wet biomass (kg ind-1), we collected whole M. pyrifera individuals across a representative range of size classes (>20 per sector). For everyone, we recorded the maximum holdfast diameter (cm), maximum holdfast height (cm), number of stipites, total length (m), and individual wet biomass (kg) to de-velop an allometric model for estimating individual wet biomass.\nZooplankton\nAt each of the 12 stations, oblique tows were conducted from a maximum depth of 20–30 m to the surface, at a distance of 20–30 m from the kelp forest.\nVisual kelp forest fish census\nSubtidal transects were surveyed at each of the stations where kelp forests were pre-sent during the spring and autumn surveys. At each study site, a diver identified and counted all fish species within a 1-meter radius on either side of a 25-meter transect line (50 m²) (n = 2 transects at each station).\nInvertebrates and macroalgae of the understory\nAfter completing the fish survey in the 25-meter transect (50 m²), a second diver pho-tographed a 0.06 m² quadrant (n = 40) in situ, alternating between both sides of the transect within a 1-meter radius on either side, recording the presence of invertebrates and under-story vegetation inhabiting the kelp forest."]},"countryCoverage":[],"collections":[],"dataDescriptions":[],"dataLanguage":"spa","acknowledgements":"<p> This work was made possible by Rewilding Chile, a Chilean non-profit financially supported by an extensive philanthropic network. We thank Jaime Loaiza from the Austral University of Chile for his support in the underwater monitoring surveys, and the captain and crew of the MV Steel Magnolia for the fieldwork at Cape Froward.</p>","pubDate":"2026-07-23T00:00:00.000+00:00","maintenanceUpdateFrequency":"AS_NEEDED","maintenanceDescription":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","dwca":{"coreType":"http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence","extensions":[],"modified":"2026-07-23T16:42:45.097+00:00"},"approximateCounts":{"occurrenceCount":1594}}