{"offset":0,"limit":20,"endOfRecords":false,"results":[{"key":462983787,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"description","language":"eng","description":"На гнилой древесине в лесном ручье.","source":"Bryoflora of the state memorial historical-art and natural Museum reserve of V. D. Polenov? Polenovo? (Tula Province, Central Russia)","sourceTaxonKey":261522473},{"key":463037675,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"discussion","language":"eng","description":"COMMENT No subspecies have been distinguished in the Algerian literature; therefore, the reports should refer to Marchantia polymorpha s. l.","source":"Revisiting the Bryophyte Checklist of Algeria: Exploring Diversity and Distribution","sourceTaxonKey":251098670},{"key":463037676,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"materials_examined","language":"eng","description":"RECORDS. — Gandoger (1883): sine loco. Feldmann (1947) Jelenc (1955 a): Kabylie de Collo, Oued Elli Ankou, 500 - 600 m; Kabylie de Collo, Oued Medjerrah, 500 - 600 m. Rare.","source":"Revisiting the Bryophyte Checklist of Algeria: Exploring Diversity and Distribution","sourceTaxonKey":251098670},{"key":463262635,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"description","language":"eng","description":"Marchantia polymorpha was grown on 1 / 2 Gamborg's B 5 medium containing 1.4 % agar for 30 days. After wounding, plants were harvested at the indicated time and were then frozen in liquid nitrogen. Samples (approximately 200 mg) of frozen plants were crushed and extracted with MeOH (1 ml) with 2,4,6 - trihydroxyacetophenone (0.2 μg) as the internal standard. After filtration and evaporation, the MeOH extract was analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC (column; InertSustain C 18, 10 mm i. d. × 250 mm, GL Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; UV, 220 nm; flow, 3.0 ml / min) with mixed solvents of MeOH and H 2 O using a linear gradient mode in which the gradient of MeOH with 0.05 % AcOH to H 2 O with 0.05 % AcOH was held at 20: 80 from 0 min to 5 min and then increased linearly from 5 min to 25 min to 100: 0. The gradient of 100: 0 was maintained from 25 min to 30 min. Concentrations of compounds 1 – 3 were calculated based on the peak area of standard compounds.","source":"Wounding stress induces phenylalanine ammonia lyases, leading to the accumulation of phenylpropanoids in the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha","sourceTaxonKey":220753217},{"key":463262636,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"description","language":"eng","description":"Plants with or without wounding treatment (approximately 1.0 g) were frozen with liquid nitrogen, crushed, and soaked overnight in EtOH (15 ml). UPLC analysis of ABA was conducted according to the method of Kageyama et al. (2015).","source":"Wounding stress induces phenylalanine ammonia lyases, leading to the accumulation of phenylpropanoids in the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha","sourceTaxonKey":220753216},{"key":463262637,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"description","language":"eng","description":"Flavonoids and bisbibenzyls are categorized as phenylpropanoids, and the initial step in the biosynthesis of compounds 1 – 3 is a PAL reaction, the non-oxidative deamination of phenylalanine to trans - cinnamic acid (Thomas, 2010). PALs have been extensively studied with respect to the production of natural products such as flavonoids, lignin, and a variety of other phenolic compounds in plants. However, no detailed studies of PAL activity in M. polymorpha have been conducted. Genomic analysis predicted the presence of ten Mp PAL genes in M. polymorpha (Bowman et al., 2017), which were designated Mp PAL 1 (Mapoly 0014 s 0211.1), Mp PAL 2 (Mapoly 0044 s 0114.1), Mp PAL 3 (Mapoly 0009 s 0173.1), Mp PAL 4 (Mapoly 0070 s 0061.1), Mp PAL 5 (Mapoly 0070 s 0065.1), Mp PAL 6 (Mapoly 0070 s 0068.1), Mp PAL 7 (Mapoly 0070 s 0071.1), Mp PAL 8 (Mapoly 0132 s 0049.1), Mp PAL 9 (Mapoly 0005 s 0086.1), and Mp PAL 10 (Mapoly 0005 s 0089.1). Similar to M. polymorpha, other land plants also have multiple PAL genes (Bowman et al., 2017). The genes encoding cinnamate 4 - hydroxylase (C 4 H) and 4 - coumaroyl CoA ligase (4 CL), which participate in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, are also present in the genome of M. polymorpha. In contrast, no PAL, C 4 H, or 4 CL genes are present in algae such as Chlamydomonas, though they do have genes that encode enzymes in the shikimate pathway, which provides aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine (Bowman et al., 2017). Based on genomic data from several plants, phenylpropanoids are considered to be characteristic specialized metabolites in land plants. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MpPAL 2 - 10 formed a cluster that was separate from that of MpPAL 1 and the other PALs of the model moss Physcomitrella patens and flowering plants (Fig. S 2). These results suggested that MpPAL 1 is an ancestral land plant PAL. Amino acid sequence alignment analysis of the MpPALs revealed that eight of them have the conserved active site amino acid sequence Ala-Ser-Gly (Fig. S 3). Cyclization of Ala-Ser-Gly produces the cofactor of the PAL reaction, 3,5 - dihydro- 5 - methylidene- 4 H - imidazole- 4 - one (MIO) (Schuster and J Rétey, 1995; Alunni et al., 2003; Calabrese et al., 2004). However, the predicted amino acid sequence of MpPAL 10 is much shorter than that of the other predicted MpPALs and does not contain the conserved active site amino acid sequence Ala-Ser-Gly. Consequently, MpPAL 10 likely does not have PAL activity. In the conserved amino acid sequence that forms MIO in MpPAL 2, the Ser residue is substituted by Ala, a change that significantly reduced PAL activity in Petroselinum crispum L. (Schuster and Rétey, 1995); therefore, MpPAL 2 likely has weak PAL activity.","source":"Wounding stress induces phenylalanine ammonia lyases, leading to the accumulation of phenylpropanoids in the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha","sourceTaxonKey":220753215},{"key":463309886,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"description","language":"eng","description":"The GC-MS profiles of M. polymorpha oxylipins (Fig. 1 C and D) possessed a general similarity to those registered for P. patens (Fig. 1 A and B). The AOS products, namely the cyclopentenones, constituted a majority. At the same time, the product patterns were not identical. Firstly, the endogenous M. polymorpha oxylipins (Fig. 1 C) possessed much lower content of iso - 12 - OPDA (1) than P. patens. The same thing concerned the M. polymorpha oxylipins biosynthesized in vitro from the exogenous α linolenic acid (Fig. 1 D). The major oxylipin in M. polymorpha profiles (Fig. 1 C and D) was the cis - 12 - OPDA. While the iso - 12 - OPDA (1) content was significantly lower than in P. patens, the shorter chain homologue dinor- iso - 12 - OPDA (2) was more abundant (Fig. 1 C and D). One more peculiarity of M. polymorpha oxylipin profiles was the presence of product 3, missing in P. patens. The mass spectrum of compound 3 is presented in Fig, 2 C. It possessed M + at m / z 278 (10 %), as well as the isomer 2. The spectrum well matched that described before for 2,3 - dinor- 12 - OPDA (Weber et al., 1997). Both cyclopentenones 2 and 3 were present in M. polymorpha endogenously along with the 12 - OPDA, in full agreement with the recent data (Monte et al., 2018). Besides with the above-described products, M. polymorpha possessed some other oxylipins, for instance, the hydroxy fatty acids 13 - HOT and 11 - HHT (ca. 4: 1, as estimated by the total ion current chromatogram integration). The hydroxy derivatives of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids were present only at trace levels. The HPL products were significantly less abundant than in P. patens.","source":"Lipoxygenase pathway in model bryophytes: 12 - oxo- 9 (13), 15 - phytodienoic acid is a predominant oxylipin in Physcomitrella patens","sourceTaxonKey":212651887},{"key":463995736,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"discussion","language":"eng","description":"Note: Warncke (in Bot. Tidsskr. 63: 359. 1968) referred to material at LINN (evidently sheet 1269.1) as \" the type \", but as it is associated with the Lapland plant described as the unnamed var. γ, it was rejected from consideration by Isoviita (in Acta Bot. Fenn. 89: 7. 1970) and Grolle (in Feddes Repert. 87: 210. 1976). Bischler-Causse & Boisselier-Daubayle (1991) have subsequently designated the cited Dillenius illustration as lectotype, and have been followed by e. g. Bischler & Piippo (in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 28: 279. 1991) and Perold (in Fl. Southern Africa, Hepatophyta: 84. 1999). The latter (p. 87) discusses current names for Linnaeus' unnamed varieties.","source":"Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M)","sourceTaxonKey":164011068},{"key":463995737,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"distribution","language":"eng","description":"\" Habitat in Europa juxta aquas, locis umbrosis. \" RCN: 8140.","source":"Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M)","sourceTaxonKey":164011068},{"key":463995738,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"materials_examined","language":"eng","description":"Generitype of Marchantia Linnaeus (vide Leman, Dict. Sci. Nat. 29: 115. 1823).","source":"Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M)","sourceTaxonKey":164011068},{"key":463995739,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"materials_examined","language":"eng","description":"Lectotype (Bischler-Causse & Boisselier-Daubayle in J. Bryol. 16: 363. 1991): [icon] \" Lichen fontanus major, stellatus aeque, ac umbellatus, & cyathophorus \" in Dillenius, Hist. Musc.: 523, t. 76, f. 6 E, F. 1741. - Voucher: Herb. Dillenius (OXF).","source":"Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M)","sourceTaxonKey":164011068},{"key":466050388,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"Rango de distribución altitudinal","language":"","description":"1600 - 4700 msnm","source":"Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia","sourceTaxonKey":166183224},{"key":466050389,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"Región biogeográfica","language":"","description":"Andes, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta","source":"Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia","sourceTaxonKey":166183224},{"key":466050390,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"Distribución global","language":"","description":"Subcosmopolita","source":"Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia","sourceTaxonKey":166183224},{"key":466125509,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"biome","language":"eng","description":"terrestrial","source":"Validated red lists of Flanders, Belgium","sourceTaxonKey":152629149},{"key":466125510,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"biotope","language":"eng","description":"agriculture","source":"Validated red lists of Flanders, Belgium","sourceTaxonKey":152629149},{"key":466125511,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"biotope","language":"eng","description":"urban","source":"Validated red lists of Flanders, Belgium","sourceTaxonKey":152629149},{"key":466125513,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"lifespan","language":"eng","description":"longlived","source":"Validated red lists of Flanders, Belgium","sourceTaxonKey":152629149},{"key":466125515,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"cuddliness","language":"eng","description":"non cuddly","source":"Validated red lists of Flanders, Belgium","sourceTaxonKey":152629149},{"key":466125516,"taxonKey":2688570,"type":"mobility","language":"eng","description":"mobile","source":"Validated red lists of Flanders, Belgium","sourceTaxonKey":152629149}]}